摘要
日本奶牛的饲养主要依赖于国外饲料的进口,国际饲料价格的上涨使得日本奶业陷入了危机,奶农的生产经营状况直接关系到奶业产业的发展。本研究基于日本社团法人中央畜产会实施的全国农户生产经营指导项目中所调查的294个奶农农户的生产经营相关数据,采用因子分析、多元线性回归分析、聚类分析方法,对影响奶农经营收入的因素进行了分析。结果表明,奶牛饲养的收益、奶牛饲养的劳动效率、饲养规模这三个因素对奶农的生产影响最大;阐明了奶农生产中存在的问题;提出了奶农生产经营的改善应该着重于适度扩大生产规模;合理进行投资,并且均衡大型机器设备和小农器具投资的比例以改善奶农饲养效率以及饲料生产效率,提高奶农的收入。最后,借鉴日本奶业生产经营中存在的问题,总结了对我国奶业发展的启示。
The dairy industry in Japan mainly relies on imported feed. When international feed price hiked Japanese dairy industry was dragged into crisis. This paper seeks to provide insights into production and management aspects of the Japanese dairy industry. Using data from 294 dairy farmers who obtained production management support from the Central Association of Livestock Industry, this paper analyzed the influencing factors of the profitability of Japanese dairy farms by factor analysis, multi-variable regression analysis, and cluster analysis methods. Results show that labor productivity, profitability and scale of operation have significant influences on the performance of the dairy industry. This research also identified production and management issues at individual farm level and provided recommendations to improve dairy farms performance. The study revealed that for overall improvement of the Japanese dairy industry expansion of the proper production scale, and increasing mechanization of dairy operations are necessary. Experiences of Japanese dairy industry also have significant implications for China＇ s dairy industry.
出处
《农业现代化研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第4期534-538,共5页
Research of Agricultural Modernization
基金
第49批博士后科学基金面上项目(20110491161)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(2662014QC030)
国家自然科学基金项目(71103072)
关键词
奶业
生产经营
生产规模
改善方向
日本
dairy industry
management practices
scale of operation
strategies for improvement
Japan
