摘要
采用问卷调查、半结构式访谈及现场勘察等参与式调研方法对河套灌区内作物种植、作物灌水、农业水利工程等现状进行了调查。基于灌区内4个地区的农户调查问卷及入户访谈所得的调查资料应用问题矩阵、问题树分析方法及SWOT等分析工具对灌区内影响节水灌溉技术适宜性的种植业各方面现状进行了分析研究。结果显示灌区内目前存在农户节水意识淡薄、土地盐碱化情况严重、耕地规模化程度低、农业收入比例不协调、节水灌溉技术认识不足、灌溉用水效率低等亟待解决的关键问题。针对灌区存在的问题提出推广节水灌溉技术,提升节水意识、加强盐碱地治理、建立健全土地流转机制、调控粮食价格,提高农户种植业积极性,提高灌溉用水效率,完善灌溉制度等5项解决对策。
By using participatory research methods such as questionnaire survey ,semi-structured interview and field survey ,we have investigated the present planting structure ,crop irrigation and agricultural water conservancy engineering situation of Hetao irriga‐tion area ,based on questionnaires from 91 farmers in irrigation area and survey data through the household interview .By using par‐ticipatory analysis tools as problem matrix ,problem tree and SWOT ,we have analyzed influencing suitability of water-saving irriga‐tion technology in irrigation area .Results show the existing problems mainly include weak consciousness of water-saving ,serious soil salinization ,the low degree of cultivated land scale ,inharmonious agricultural income ratio ,insufficient water-saving irrigation tech‐nology understanding and low irrigation water use efficiency .Then five countermeasures have been put forward to solve these prob‐lems ,including promoting water-saving irrigation technologies ,improving water-saving awareness ,strengthening management of sa‐line ,establishing and improving the land circulation mechanism ,regulating grain price ,increasing farmers planting enthusiasm ,im‐proving the efficiency of irrigation water ,improving the system of irrigation ,etc .
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2015年第4期12-17,共6页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD29B09)
高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(Supported by 111Project)(No.B12007)
关键词
节水灌溉技术适用性
问题矩阵
问题因果分析
SWOT分析
河套灌区
suitability of water-saving irrigation technology
problem matrix
problem tree
SWOT analysis
Hetao Irrigation District
