摘要
自然事件能否给人类社会造成灾害损失,关键取决于承灾体抵抗力与致灾因子破坏力的比较。如果承灾体能够抵御灾害破坏,则灾害损失微乎其微,甚至承灾体会完好无损。因此,灾害抵抗力是承灾体脆弱性研究的基础,但灾害抵抗力与现有的脆弱性研究不同,更不同于恢复力研究。抵抗力是承灾体抵御自然灾害破坏的能力,其在灾前即存在,是承灾体的本质属性,承灾体抵抗力强烈地影响着灾中应对力和灾后恢复力。抵抗力研究应首先从其内涵出发,挖掘抵抗力的本质特性,解析抵抗力的影响因素,据此建立灾害抵抗力评估体系;其次,在评估尺度上,以城市、社区和个体作为主要研究尺度;在评估方法上,应突出情景分析方法的作用。最终将评估结果与抵抗力增强机制结合起来,从而真正有效地减少灾害损失。
Whether natural events could cause losses is determined by the comparison of disaster resistance and its destructive power.If the elements at risk have enough power that can resist the disaster,the disaster losses are few and even none.From this point of view,disaster resistance is the basis of vulnerability and it is different from vulnerability and resilience.Resistance is the capability of the elements at risk to resist the disasters which exists before a disaster,and it influences the coping capacity in disaster and resilience after disaster.In future,resistance study must discuss its connotation firstly,then excavates substantive characteristics and analyses the influencing factors,on this basis the resistance assessment system is established.For the scale of resistance assessment,city,community and individual is the main scale and scenario analysis as the method to assess resistance.At last,disaster loss will be reduced with the combination of the resistance assessment result and enhancement mechanism.
出处
《灾害学》
CSCD
2015年第2期51-55,共5页
Journal of Catastrophology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41371080)
湛江师范学院引进人才资助项目(ZL1306)
关键词
抵抗力
自然灾害
脆弱性
resistance
natural disaster
vulnerability
