摘要
糖尿病患者是感染的高危人群,感染后易并发急、慢性并发症,预后不佳.其主要机制包括中性粒细胞功能障碍、细胞和体液免疫功能缺陷、细菌定植率增高等.流感和肺炎是最常见的两种可预防性感染性疾病.通过接种流感和肺炎疫苗,可以安全有效地降低糖尿病患者的住院率和病死率.多国相继出台了相关文件推荐糖尿病患者接受流感和肺炎疫苗接种.但目前我国疫苗接种的现状并不理想,接种率低的原因可能与患者对疫苗的认识程度低等因素有关.
Patients with diabetes are at high risk of infections.They are more prone to develop acute and chronic complications after infection,and the prognosis are poor.The mechanisms include：impaired leukocyte function,cellular and humoral immunity abnormalities and increased colonization rates,etc.Influenza and pneumococcal infections are two of the most common vaccine-preventable infectious diseases.Through vaccination,it can safely and effectively decrease the hospitalization rate and mortality of diabetic patients due to pneumococcal disease and influenza.A number of scientific organizations have well defined guidelines for routine pneumococcal and influenza vaccinations in diabetes.The vaccination rates in our country is not satisfatory,the reasons may be related to unawareness of the importance of vaccines in diabetic patients.
出处
《国际内分泌代谢杂志》
2015年第2期117-120,共4页
International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
基金
国家临床重点专科建设项目
关键词
糖尿病
流感
肺炎
疫苗
Diabetes mellitus
Influenza
Pneumococcal
Vaccination
