摘要
在控制海冰运动的各项外力中,风、流的拖曳力起到了决定性作用;其中流拖曳力包括由于冰侧或冰脊压力梯度产生的形拖曳力和由于水流在冰底面的粘性作用产生的摩拖曳力.基于计算流体动力学软件FLUENT针对光滑冰底冰块进行二维数值模拟,分别得到5种不同入水深度、8种水流速度共40种工况下的冰下流场分布及冰块所受流体拖曳力.经对比发现,数值计算结果与物理模型实验结果吻合较好,从而验证了该数值模型在模拟冰下流场及拖曳力时的有效性.流场计算结果显示,冰下受影响流场区域随入水深度增加而扩大,尾流场近浮冰区域存在涡流,并且涡动中心随着入水深度的增加而逐渐远离浮冰尾部.拖曳力计算结果表明浮冰所受拖曳力与流速平方存在线性关系.
Among all environmental forces controlling sea ice drift, atmospheric drag and oceanic drag play dominate roles： Oceanic drag includes the form drag generated by the water pressure gradient on ice-side or ice ridge, and the skin friction caused by the viscous flow on ice bottom. In this paper, a two-dimensional numerical simulation was carried out using the FLUENT software to study the flow dynamic characteristics under ice with smooth bottom. Water drag and flow field distribution below ice under different conditions of ice draft and flow velocity were obtained, and the results agreed well with laboratory experimental data from the physical modeling tests, proving the capability of the numerical model as dealing with the dynamic interactions between sea ice and flow field. The range of distortion into the flow field caused by ice became larger as the ice draft increased. Vortexes clearly existed in the wake field of the floe, and their centers moved away from the ice with increasing ice draft. The simulated water drag on ice showed a good linear relationship with the square of the flow velocity.
出处
《数学的实践与认识》
北大核心
2015年第3期69-77,共9页
Mathematics in Practice and Theory
基金
国家自然科学基金(41276191
41376186)
国家海洋局2012公益性行业科研专项(201205007-05)
