摘要
以新疆2005—2011年测土配方施肥项目为基础,采用农户抽样调查的方法,对测土配方施肥项目87个县(市)的363 645户调查数据进行分析和评价。结果表明:新疆耕地的化肥施用量为377.55 kg·hm-2,N、P2O5、K2O比例为1∶0.62∶0.08。小麦的化肥施用量345.45 kg·hm-2,N、P2O5、K2O化肥施用比例为1∶0.62∶0.05,化肥效率为15.7 kg·kg-1;玉米的化肥施用量372.45 kg·hm-2,N、P2O5、K2O比例为1∶0.62∶0.07,化肥效率为28.18 kg·kg-1;棉花化肥施用量451.50 kg·hm-2,N、P2O5、K2O比例为1∶0.58∶0.07,化肥效率为10.88 kg·kg-1;葡萄化肥施用量659.25 kg·hm-2,N、P2O5、K2O比例为1∶0.89∶0.33,化肥效率为59.62 kg·kg-1。新疆肥料投入区域差异较大,南疆单位面积用肥量明显高于北疆,南疆化肥施用量474.45 kg·hm-2,北疆化肥施用量317.85 kg·hm-2。施肥量还存在经济作物高于普通作物的现象。
Based on the project of soil testing and formulated fertilization in Xinjiang from 2005 to 2011, the crop fertilization data from 363 645 farm families of 87 cities and counties by using the household sampling method were analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that the amount of chemical fertilizer applied in farmland in Xinjiang was 377.55 kg · hm-2. The amount of application ratio among N, P205 and K20 were 1：0.62： 0.08. The amount of fertilizers applied on wheat, corn,cotton and grape were 345.45 kg · hm-2, 372.45 kg · hm-2, 451.50 kg · hm-2 and 659.25 kg · hm-2, respectively. The application ratio among N, P2Os and K20 on wheat, corn, cotton and grape were 1 ： 0.62： 0.05, 1 ： 0.62： 0.07, 1 ： 0.58：0.07 and 1 ： 0.89： 0.33, respectively. The fertilizer use ef- ficiencies for wheat, corn, cotton and grape were 15.7, 28.18, 10.88 kg · kg-1 and 59.62 kg · kg-1 respective- ly. There was a great difference on fertilizer application amount across Xinjiang. Fertilizer application per unit area in southern Xinjiang is 474.45 kg · hm-2 which was significantly higher than 317.85 kg · hm-2 in the northern Xinjiang. The amount of fertilizers applied on economic crops were higher than on ordinary crops.
出处
《干旱区研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期1024-1030,共7页
Arid Zone Research
基金
国家测土配方施肥资金补贴项目(2005-1)
关键词
测土配方
施肥
农户施肥
调查
评价
新疆
soil testing and formulated fertilization
farmers＇ fertilizer
investigation
evaluation
Xinjiang
