摘要
目的了解黔东南州急性弛缓性麻痹（AFP）病例监测系统运转状况,剖析监测中存在的问题,探索提高AFP监测质量,巩固无脊髓灰质炎的防控成果。方法收集黔东南州2012—2013年AFP病例监测资料,采用描述流行病学分析。结果黔东南州2012—2013年共报告AFP病例71例,〈15岁AFP病例报告发病率分别为3.76/10万、4.86/10万;病例以1-4岁为主,占59.15%;免疫史≤3剂次有1例,无免疫史不详和0剂次病例。报告后48 h调查率为97.18%,14 d内双份便采集率为92.96%,合格便采集率为90.14%;粪便标本7 d内送达率为98.59%;麻痹75 d内随访及时率为94.37%。结论黔东南州AFP监测系统运行正常,各项监测指标完成良好,达到卫生部的指标要求。但存在需改进的地方,首诊报告率低,不合格粪便时有发生。需进一步加强AFP监测技术培训、加大督导力度等措施,提高医疗单位AFP病例诊断能力和报告意识,提升AFP病例监测工作质量。
[ Objective ] To investigate the operating conditions of surveillance system for acute flaccid paralysis （ AFP }, analyze the problems in monitoring, improve the surveillance quality of AFP, and consolidate the control results of polio-free. [ Methods ] The deceptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the monitoring date about AFP cases collected in Qiandongnan Prefecture from 2012-2013. [ Results] A total of 71 AFP cases were reported in Qiandongnan Prefecture from 2012-2013. The reported incidence rate among people under 15 years old was 3.76/lakh and 4.86/lakh respectively. 59.15% of cases were children aged 1- 4 years old. There was 1 case which had the immunization less than three doses, and case with unknown immunization history were not observed. The 48-hours survey rate was 97.18%, the rate of two stool specimen collection within 14 days was 92.96%, the rate of qualified stool specimen was 90.14%, the rate of stool specimen delivery within 7 days was 98.59%, and the rate of timely follow-up rate within 75 days of paralysis onset was 94.37%. [ Conclusion] In Qiandongnan Prefecture, the surveillance system of AFP runs normally, and the monitoring indicators complete well, which reach the standard of the Ministry of Health. However, there is still room for improvement, the first-visiting reporting rate is low, and the unqualified stool specimens have been found frequently. It is necessary to strengthen training of AFP surveillance technology, reinforce supervision measures, improve the AFP diagnostic capabilities and report awareness in medical institutions, to promote the quality of AFP surveillance system.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2014年第19期2797-2799,共3页
Occupation and Health
关键词
脊髓灰质炎
急性弛缓性麻痹
监测
Poliomyelitis
Acute flaccid paralysis （AFP）
Monitoring
