摘要
中国城市低保制度自1997年创建以来,在改善居民生活、缓解城市贫困和维护社会稳定等方面发挥了重要作用。但由于制度设计与外部环境的变化,这种维生型的低保制度遭遇了诸多发展困境:政策设计存在缺陷、管理体制不合理、制度的功能异化和可持续发展问题。传统社会福利理论的反思、发展型社会政策的提出和低保制度面临的外部环境压力为中国城市低保制度的转型提供了理论与现实可能。中国城市低保制度的转型要构建普惠型、中间型与发展型救助相融合的救助制度体系,创新社会救助与就业发展的联动机制,优化低保制度的管理体制和执行机制。概言之,我国城市低保制度的价值理念是发展型,制度取向是普惠型,救助水平是中间型,这三者要有机融合,不能偏废任何一方,以构建适合中国经济社会发展需要、满足民众基本需求、符合福利发展规律三位一体的可持续发展的新型城市救助体系。
Minimum living security system for urban residents has played an important role inimproving residents＇ life, alleviating urban poverty and maintaining social stability since it was founded in1977. But due to the change of system design and the external environment, it suffered manydevelopment predicaments, such as defects in policy design, irrationality of management, functionalalienation of the system and the sustainable development issues. The reflection of traditional theory onsocial welfare, the proposing of developmental social policy and the external environment pressure providetheoretical and realistic basis for the transformation of minimum living security system. And theestablishment of development-oriented type of minimum living security system needs to structure therescue system that mix together Pratt ＆ Whitney type, middle type and development-oriented type.Besides, we should creative linkage mechanism of social assistance and employment development and weneed to optimize the management system and execution mechanism. In general, the value concept ofminimum living security system for urban residents is development-oriented type, the system orientation isPratt ＆ Whitney type, and the rescue level is middle type. These three should organicly integrate to buildsustainable urban assistance system that meets China＇s economic and social development needs, meets thebasic demand for people and is in accordance with law of welfare development.
出处
《社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第10期63-71,共9页
Journal of Social Sciences
基金
国家社科基金项目"城市低收入家庭公共服务的需求表达机制研究:基于上海
长沙和成都的调查分析"(项目编号:11CGL098)的阶段性成果
关键词
社会救助
城市低保制度
维生型
发展型
普惠型
Social Assistance
Minimum Living Security System for Urban Residents
SubsistenceType
Development-oriented Type
Pratt ＆ Whitney Type
