摘要
现代汉语中的"主观性"研究集中于"主观量",即言者对句中现实数量相对于预设量"向大"或"向小"的偏移主观评价。如果改变考察角度,可以发现量的"主观性"本质内涵与"主观量"并不相同,而应是基于"单位比较基点"所对应的"现实比较量"与"潜在比较量"之间的对比,言者对"单位现实比较量"相对"单位潜在比较量"偏移的主观评价。现代汉语中量的"主观性"存在"单位现实比较量"相对"单位潜在比较量"的"偏移"和"逼近"两种类型,前者主要指的是句法范畴中副词的"主观性";后者指的是语用中"主观性"的优选策略,如"非自然会话"中的言者会利用其信息优势,选定"主观性"表述。
The study of subjectivity in modern Chinese concentrates on the'subjective quantity'of modern Chinese,that is,a speaker's subjective evaluation of the deviation of the actual quantity from the supposed one. This thesis argues that the subjectivity of quantity,which is not the same as the subjective quantity,means a speaker's subjective evaluation of the deviation of the actual comparison quantity in a unit from the potential comparison quantity in a unit. There are two types of the subjectivity of quantity in modern Chinese,namely,the'deviation'of the actual comparison quantity in a unit from the potential comparison quantity in a unit,and the'approaching'of the former to the latter. While the'deviation'mainly concerns the subjectivity of adverbs in syntax,the 'approaching'is relative to the subjectivity of optimization in linguistic practice:in an unnatural conversation,for instance,the speakers will choose their subjective expressions according to their information advantage.
出处
《华东师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第5期165-177,183,共13页
Journal of East China Normal University（Humanities and Social Sciences）
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目"现代汉语‘数量’范畴研究"(12CYY048)的阶段性成果
关键词
主观性
副词
非自然会话
偏移
逼近
subjectivity,adverb,unnatural conversation,deviation,approaching
