摘要
为了探明大蒜素对猕猴桃果实主要致病菌的室内抑制活性及贮藏防治效果，采用生长速率法测定了大蒜素对猕猴桃果实5种主要致病菌菌丝生长的抑制作用，用浸渍法测定了大蒜素对贮藏期间猕猴桃果实腐烂病的防治效果，并考察了对果实颜色和硬度的影响。结果表明，室内大蒜素对猕猴桃果实腐烂病主要致病菌菌丝生长的抑制活性与浓度呈正相关，对5种主要致病菌拟茎点霉菌Phamopsismacrospore、富氏葡萄孢盘菌Botryotiniafuckeliana、链格孢菌Alternaria alternata、葡萄座腔菌Botryosphaeria dothidea和层出镰刀菌Fusarium proliferatum菌丝生长的抑制中浓度（EC50）分别为244．12、301．13、241．02、261．83和281．67mg·L-1，EC90值分别为2765．46、1644．17、1154．00、1041．68和1048．63mg·L-1。6％大蒜素水乳剂对贮藏猕猴桃果实腐烂病具有一定的防治效果，600～1000mg·L-1处理后14天对腐烂病的防效为79．81％～89．24％，处理后21天对腐烂病的防效为31．00％～45．04％，且可一定程度延缓果实的软化进程。大蒜素对猕猴桃果实主要致病菌具有显著的抑制作用，具有开发为猕猴桃果实腐烂病防治药剂的潜在价值。
To explore inhibitory effect of botanical Kiwifruit in laboratory and its efficacy on fruit antibiotics, allicin on control of the pathogens of storage, inhibitory effects of allicin on myeelia growth of 5 pathogens were investigated with the methods of mycelia growth rate. Effect of allicin on control of kiwifruit rot disease during the storage was tested by immersion method. The effects on fruit color and hardness were investigated. Results showed that the inhibitory activity of allicin on myeelia growth of 5 pathogens was positively correlated to the concentration of allicin. The EC50 and EC90 values （mg · L-1） were at 244. 12 and 2 765. 46, 301. 13 and 1 644. 17, 241. 02 and 1 154. 00, 2 61.83 and 1 041.68, 281.67 and 1 048. 63 for 5 pathogens, including Phomopsis macrospore , Botryotina fuckeliana , Alternaria alternate, Botryosphaeria dothidea and Fusarium proHferatum, respectively. The 6% of Allicin EW had some control effect on kiwifruit rot disease during the storage. The efficacies of 6% allicin EW at concentration of 600- 1000 mg · L-1 were 79. 81%-89. 24% on kiwifruit rot disease within 14 days after treatment, and 31.00% -45.04% within 21 days after treatment. Softening process of kiwifruit was slightly slowed. Allicin had significant inhibitory activity against kiwifruit pathogen, and with the potential to be used as a pesticide for kiwifruit rot disease.
出处
《中国南方果树》
北大核心
2014年第4期15-18,33,共5页
South China Fruits
基金
江西省南昌市科技支撑项目(洪财2010095)资助
关键词
大蒜素
猕猴桃
腐烂病
抑菌作用
贮藏防效
allicin
kiwifruit
rot disease
inhibition
efficacy during the storage
