摘要
目的 了解南昌地区变应性鼻炎（allergic rhinitis,AR）患者的变应原分布状况,为当地AR的防治提供参考.方法 2012年3月至2013年5月间,针对有AR症状的患者行变应原皮肤点刺试验（skin prick test,SPT）,分析各种变应原的致敏阳性率,及致敏患者在性别、年龄、职业、季节、病程长短等方面的特点.以SPSS 17.O软件进行数据分析.结果 5 654例患者中SPT阳性率为56.07％,其中屋尘螨（46.94％）、粉尘螨（35.99％）、无爪热带螨（31.34％）为主要变应原;随患者年龄增加,变应原阳性率呈降低趋势,差异有统计学意义（x2=261.372,P＜0.01）;不同职业变应原阳性率差异有统计学意义（x2 =170.859,P＜0.01）,其中学生最高,为66.12％,农民最低,为41.56％;各月份变应原阳性率差异有统计学意义（x2=227.333,P＜0.01）,其中10月份阳性率最高,为68.88％;不同季节尘螨阳性率差异有统计学意义（x2=204.343,P＜0.01）,尘螨阳性率以秋季最高,冬季最低;患者变应原阳性率与病程长短无关（P＞0.05）.结论 尘螨为南昌地区AR患者主要变应原;职业也是影响变应原阳性率的因素之一.
Objective To determine the distribution of allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in Nanchang area and provide the clinical reference for management strategies with regional character.Methods Patients with symptoms of allergic rhinitis were given skin prick test （SPT） from March 2012 to May 2013.Among the patients,the distribution of all allergens was analyzed.The positive rate was compared with gender,age,occupation,season,course of disease and so on.SPSS 17.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results Among 5 654 patients,the total positive rate of SPT was 56.07％,with dermatophagoides pteronyssinus （46.94％）,dermatophagoides farina （35.99％）,blomia tropicalis （31.34％） as the major allergens.With age increasing,the positive rate of allergen decreased.There was statistically significant difference （x2 =261.372,P ＜ 0.01）.There was significant difference of the positive rate in different occupations （x2 =170.859,P ＜0.01）,the highest rate was found in student（66.12％） and the lowest was found in farmer （41.56％）.There was significant difference of variation with months （x2 =227.333,P ＜ 0.01）,the most in October,68.88％.There was significant difference of the positive rate of dust mites in different seasons （x2 =204.343,P ＜ 0.01）,the highest in autumn,the lowest in winter.There was no correlation between the positive rate and course of disease （P ＞ 0.05）.Conclusions Dust mites were identified as the most common allergens among patients with allergic rhinitis in Nanchang area.Occupation is one of the influeneing factors for the positive rate.
出处
《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期505-508,共4页
Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
基金
江西省科技计划项目（20121BBG70028）
