摘要
为探讨施灌沼肥对土壤氨挥发和氮素下渗的影响,在室温条件下,采用土柱模拟试验,系统研究沼肥不同施用量和不同施用深度对土壤表面的NH3挥发及土壤垂直剖面上的总氮、NH+4-N、NO-3-N下渗的影响规律。结果表明:表施沼肥时,土壤表面的NH3挥发累积量和挥发的延续时间均随沼肥施用量的增加而增加;土壤垂直剖面上的含水率、总氮和NH+4-N均主要集中在表层土壤,而NO-3-N可迁移至较深层土壤。底施沼肥时,NH3挥发累积量随着沼肥施用深度的增加而减少,施用深度为10 cm时便可有效减少沼肥的NH3挥发损失;同时土壤垂直剖面上的含水率和总氮、NH+4-N、NO-3-N质量比的最高点均与沼肥施用深度呈显著正相关。
In order to investigate the law of ammonia volatilization and nitrogen infiltration in the process of biogas slurry application, the influence rules of different application rate and depth of biogas slurry on the ammonia volatilization of the soil surface and the infiltration of total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in vertical soil profile were explored systematically by soil column experiments at room temperature. The experimental results showed that the total ammonia volatilization of the soil surface and the duration of volatilization were all positively correlated with biogas slurry application rate. The moisture content, total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in vertical soil profile were mainly distributed in topsoil. But the nitrate nitrogen had migrated to deep layer soil with the water infiltration of biogas slurry. The total ammonia volatilization of the soil surface decreased with the increase of biogas slurry application depth when the biogas slurry was used as basic fertilizer. The ammonia volatilization rate of biogas slurry could be effectively reduced when the biogas slurry application depth was ten centimeters. And the peaks of total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in vertical soil profile were all positively correlated with biogas slurry application depth.
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第5期139-144,共6页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
'十二五'国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2011BAD15B04)
黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目(12511045
12511048)
黑龙江省博士后科研启动基金资助项目(LBH-Q10148)
关键词
氮素
沼肥
施用量
施用深度
Nitrogen
Biogas fertilizer
Application rate
Application depth
