摘要
通过78 d围隔养殖实验检验了在草鱼、鲫、鲢、鳙混养系统中吊养三角帆蚌对鱼产量和水质的影响。设2个处理,处理Ⅰ混养草鱼、鲫、鲢和鳙,处理Ⅱ在处理Ⅰ基础上按鱼∶蚌=1∶1的比例配养三角帆蚌。实验期间定期采样分析浮游植物种类组成和生物量、初级生产力(P)、群落呼吸(R)、溶氧(DO)、pH、透明度(SD)、主要离子(CO2-3、HCO-3、Cl-、SO2-4、Ca2+、Mg2+)、总碱度、总硬度、氨态氮、亚硝酸态氮、硝酸态氮、活性磷、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、总有机碳(TOC)、高锰酸钾指数(COD M n)和生化耗氧量(BOD5)。结果发现,吊养三角帆蚌显著降低水体中Ca2+浓度,但对其他指标均无显著影响。处理Ⅱ草鱼、鲫、鲢产量略高于处理Ⅰ,而鳙产量略低于后者,表明在草鱼、鲫、鲢、鳙混养系统中按1∶1的比例配养三角帆蚌不会导致草鱼和鲫产量下降,但导致鳙产量降低。处理Ⅱ浮游植物多样性(Shannon-Weaver多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数、Pielou均匀度指数和种类数)、P、P/R、SD和DO略高于处理Ⅰ,而氨态氮、活性磷、TN、TP、COD M n、BOD5和TOC略低于后者,表明在混养系统中配养三角帆蚌可显著降低养殖水体Ca2+浓度,同时可在一定程度上提高浮游植物多样性、P和DO并降低TN、TP、COD M n、BOD5和TOC。结果表明,在淡水鱼类混养系统中适度配养三角帆蚌可提高养殖的经济效益,同时有助于降低养殖系统内氮、磷和有机废物的积累。
An enclosure experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of co-culturing freshwater pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii in a fish polycultural system consisting of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus, gibel carp Carassius auratus, silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and bighead carp Aristichthys nobilis on fish yield and water quality. Two treatments were examined. In treatment Ⅰ,polyculture of grass carp, gibel carp, silver carp and bighead carp was used. In treatment Ⅱ , the mussel was co-cultured in polycultural system of grass carp,gibel carp, silver carp and bighead carp used in treatment Ⅰ with a mussel-fish ratio of 1： 1. The experiment lasted 78 days, during which water samples were collected regularly, and species composition and biomass of phytoplankton, primary productivity （ P）, community respiration （ R）, dissolved oxygen （ DO ）, pH, sechii depth （ SD ）, main ions （ CO23 - , HCO3- , Cl - , SO24 - , Ca2＋ , Mg2 ＋ , Na ＋ ＋ K＋ ）, total alkalinity, total hardness, ammonia （ TAN ）, nitrite, nitrate, reactive phosphate, total nitrogen （ TN ）, total phosphorus （ TP ）, total organic carbon （ TOC ）, chemical oxygen demand （ CODMn ） , biological oxygen demand（ BODMn ）were monitored. The results showed that co-culturing H. cumingii significantly decreased the Ca2＋ concentration in the enclosures,but did not significantly affect the other water quality parameters, such as species composition and biomass of phytoplankton, diversity of phytoplankton（ Shannon-Weaver＇ s index, Margalef＇ s index, Pielou ＇ s index）, P, R, DO, pH, SD, CO23- , HCO3- , Cl- , SO24 - , Ca2 ＋ , Mg2 ＋ , Na＋ ＋ K ＋ , total alkalinity, total hardness, TAN, nitrite, nitrate, reactive phosphate, TN, TP, TOC, CODMn and BOD5. Yields of grass carp, gibel carp and silver carp were relatively high, while production of bighead carp and accumulation of TN, TP, CODMn, BOD5 and TOC were low in treatment Ⅱ , compared with treatment Ⅰ . Therefore,co-culturing the muss
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第2期208-217,共10页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31072227)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903028)
浙江省淡水养殖重点科技创新团队
关键词
鱼类混养
三角帆蚌
养殖产量
浮游植物
水化学
fish polyculture
Hyriopsis cumingii
yield
phytoplankton
water chemistry
