摘要
为定量评估气候变暖对冬小麦灌浆期的影响,进行了冬小麦田间增温处理和生长观测试验。结合历史资料,分析了增温对冬小麦灌浆过程的影响,确定了华北地区冬小麦灌浆期高温热害指标。结果表明,30℃以上的高温对冬小麦灌浆有明显的抑制作用,单日高温时长和高温强度共同影响灌浆速率,其中高温(t≥30℃)时长是关键因子。根据高温时长定义了华北地区冬小麦灌浆期高温热害指标:高温日(高温时数高于5h)数达到10d且高温过程(连续3个高温日)数为1次定义为轻度热害;高温日数达到11d且高温过程数为2次定义为中度热害;高温日数大于11d且高温过程数大于2次定义为重度热害。
In order to evaluate quantitatively the effects of climate warming on grain filling of win-ter wheat ,the field heating treatments and growth observation experiment on winter wheat were carried out .In light of the historic data ,the statistical method was used to analyze the effects of warming on filling process of winter wheat ,and to determine the heat damage index of winter wheat during grain-filling period in North China .The result indicated that the high temperature a-bove 30 ℃ had significant inhibiting effect on grain filling of winter wheat .The length and inten-sity of high temperature （t≥30 ℃）per day jointly influenced the grain-filling rate ,especially for the length of high temperature .The heat damage index during grain filling period of winter wheat was defined based on the length of high temperature in North China .When the days of high tem-perature（≥30 ℃ over 5 h per day）reached to 10 days and the high temperature process （high tem-perature lasting for 3 days）got once ,it was defined as the mild heat damage .When the days of high temperature（≥30 ℃ over 5 h per day）reached to 11 days and the high temperature process （high temperature lasting for 3 days）occurred twice ,it was defined as the moderate heat damage . When the days of high temperature （≥30 ℃ over 5 h per day ）exceeded 11 days and the high tem-perature process（high temperature lasting for 3 days）appeared more than twice ,it was defined as the severe heat damage .
出处
《河南农业科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期28-32,共5页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
中国气象局2011年公益行业(气象)专项(GYHY2011060307)
教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金项目(20111139)
江苏高校优势学科建设工程(PAPD)项目(NY-038)
关键词
华北地区
冬小麦
高温热害
高温时长
灌浆
产量
North China
winter wheat
heat damage
length of high temperature
grain-filling
yield
