摘要
目的研究成都地区2010至2012年手足口病的流行病学、病原学及临床特征,为防治该病提供依据。方法回顾性分析本院2010至2012年住院治疗的2686例患儿的流行病学、病原学及临床特征。结果本组病例中,年龄为2个月～16岁,平均年龄(1.87±3.21)岁,以婴幼儿(≤3岁)最多见(2463/2686,91.70%),且男童︰女童(1.55︰1);散居儿童(2034/2686,75.73%)多于幼托儿童(635/2686,23.64%)和学生(17/2686,0.63%),城区(2145/2686,79.86%)多于乡村(541/2686,20.14%)。发病高峰在4～7月份(1533/2686,57.07%)。本组病例以轻症为主,重症较少(268/2686,9.98%)。主要临床表现为皮疹和发热,所有患儿均出现皮疹,皮疹以手、足掌、口腔黏膜或臀部等部位多见;1934例(1934/2686,72.0%)患儿有发热,多呈不规则热型,以低中热为主(2413/2686,89.84%),发热持续时间多为1～3 d(2517/2686,93.71%)。经咽拭子病原学检查,重症病例以感染EV71为主(187/268,占69.78%),柯萨奇病毒A 16共11株,其他肠道病毒27株。经治疗后,好转1810例(1810/2686,67.39%),治愈871例(871/2686,32.43%),死亡5例(5/2686,0.19%)。结论手足口病发病与年龄、季节、地区有关,经过早隔离、早治疗后,预后较好。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological, etiological and clinical characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease （HFMD） in Chengdu in 2010-2012. Methods Total of 2686 children with HFMD in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2012 were enrolled, and the epidemiological, etiological and clinical characteristics were analyzed, retrospectively. Results The 2686 children, aged from 2 months to 16 years old, with the average age as 1.87 ± 3.21 years old, and 91.70%（2463/2686） of the cases were infant （≤3 years old）, the ratio of male children to female ones was 1.55︰1, scattered children （2034/2686, 75.73%） numbered more than nursery children （635/2686, 23.64%） and students （17/2686, 0.63%）. The proportion of children in the urban area （2145/2686, 79.86%） was higher than that in the rural area （541/2686, 20.14%）. April to July was the peak epidemic period （1533/2686, 57.07%）. Mild cases numbered more than severe cases （268/2686, 9.98%）. Skin rash and fever were major clinical manifestations. All children had skin rashes on hands, feet, mouth and buttocks. There were 1934 cases （1934/2686, 72.0%） had irregular fever, most were low-grade or cardiothoracic fever （2413/2686, 89.84%）, which last for 1-3 d （2517/2686, 93.71%）. After pathogen identify of pharyngeal swab, 187 huamn enterovirus 71 （EV 71） strains （187/268, 69.78%）, 11 strains of Coxsackievirus A16 and 27 enterovirus strains were found in severe cases. After treatment, 1810 patients （1810/2686, 67.39%） improved, 871 patients （871/2686, 83.43%） recurred, and 5 cases died （5/2686, 0.19%）. Conclusions The incidence of HFMD is related to age, seasons and regions. Early insulation and effective treatment measures may be hekpful to favourable prognosis.
出处
《中华实验和临床感染病杂志（电子版）》
CAS
2013年第4期100-102,共3页
Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition)
关键词
手足口病
流行病学
病原学
临床分析
Hand, foot and mouth disease
Epidemiology
Etiology
Clinical analysis
