摘要
目的了解天津市河北区手足口病流行特征，为开展相应防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法和SPSS13．0统计软件包对数据进行分析。结果天津市河北区2012—2014年共报告手足口病1638例，总发病率为62．73／10万，各年间发病率差异有统计学意义（x2=17．096，P〈0．01）。聚集性疫情65起，无重症及死亡病例。呈双峰流行，6—7月达到高峰，9月为次高峰；城乡接合部为高发区域；病例集中在0～6岁，占全部病例数的87．55％；职业分布上以托幼儿童和散居儿童为主（86．81％）；男女性别比为1．53：1，性别发病差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；聚集性疫情主动报告率较低；主导病原型别在各年间分布略有不同。结论手足口病的防控应针对高发季节重点防控，加大城乡接合部健康教育力度，同时加强托幼机构的监测和管理，提高聚集性疫情的主动报告率，积极落实防控措施。
Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristic of hand-foot-mouth disease（HFMD） in Hebei district of Tianjin city and to master the epidemic regularity for providing prevention and control evidences. Methods Cases were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological method and SPSS13.0 software system. Results Total of 1 638 cases and 65 clustering epidemics were reported in Hebei district from 2012 to 2014, with an incidence rate of 62.73/105, no severe case and death case. Significant differences were showed in different average annual incidence（ χ~2=17.096,P 〈 0.01）.The peak was in June-July and another minor peak was in September. Integration of urban and rural areas were high-risk areas. Cases mainly concentrated in children aged 0 ~6（87.55%）;Professional distribution was given priority to nursery children and scattered children（86. 81%）. The gender ratio of male ： female was 1.53 ∶1,with no significant differences（P〉0.05） between the gender. The initiative to report of clustering epidemics was lower than others. The leading type of the HFMD viruses was varied during the two years at least. Conclusion Two ways would be effective for controlling and prevention of HFMD. One was to focus on high-risk season to increase the intensity of health education in integration of urban and rural areas, another was to strengthen the surveillance and management of preschools,improving the initiative reporting of clustering epidemics.
出处
《中国公共卫生管理》
2016年第2期218-219,240,共3页
Chinese Journal of Public Health Management
关键词
手足口病
流行特征
聚集性疫情
托幼机构
hand-foot-mouth disease
epidemic characteristics
clustering epidemics
childcare facilities
