摘要
目的了解北京市某出租汽车公司司机的吸烟状况。方法对北京市某出租车队122名司机采用统一问卷调查,了解其吸烟状况,并对吸烟司机的肺功能进行检测。结果 (1)该车队司机的吸烟率为76.2%(93/122)。(2)28%(26/93)的出租车司机经口腔吸烟可缓解烟瘾,烟雾吸入深度与吸烟成瘾性之间存在线性相关关系(P<0.001)。随着烟雾吸入深度及吸烟年支数的增加,经口腔吸烟可缓解烟瘾者逐渐减少,经肺部吸烟可缓解烟瘾者逐渐增加(P<0.05)。(3)肺功能检查证实有4名慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者,全部为吸烟400年支以上,中、重度成瘾,烟雾吸入深度达3～4级者。结论 (1)该出租车队司机吸烟率较高,需加强控烟教育及管理;(2)经口腔吸烟可缓解烟瘾者多为轻度吸烟成瘾者,中重度成瘾者需经肺部吸烟缓解烟瘾;(3)COPD发生于经肺部大量吸烟的中、重度成瘾司机。
Objective To investigate the smoking status of professional taxi drivers in Beijing. Methods A question- naire survey was performed in 93 smoking taxi drivers in a taxi team （ 122 drivers） and their pulmonary function tests were carried out. Results The smoking rate of the drivers was 76. 2% （93/122）. 28% （26/93） smokers could relieve their cravings through oral cavity, the depth of smoke inhalation had linear correlation with smoking addiction （P 〈 0. 001）. With the increase of depth of smoke inhalation and annual number of cigarettes, the smokers who used to craving relief through oral carvity reduced gradually, those who used to deep inhalation for carving relief increased （ P 〈 0. 05）. Pulmonary function tests confirmed 4 pa- tients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （ COPD）, all of whom were moderate or severe addictive smokers, inhalation depth 3 - 4 degrees and consumed over 400 cigarettes annually. Conclusion The drivers of this taxi team, having a high smok- ing rate, need smoking control education and management. Smokers who relieve carvings through oral - smoking are mostly mild addicts, those who need through lungs are moderate or severe addicts. COPD occurs in moderate or severe addicts who need to relieve their cravings through lungs.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第14期1648-1651,共4页
Chinese General Practice
基金
2008年北京市优秀人才培养资助个人项目(20081D0303100103)
