摘要
目的探索上海市中心城区和郊区中学生体力活动的物质环境和社会环境影响因素。方法采用方便抽样的方法,在上海市中心城区和郊区分别抽取一所中学,对两所中学初二的全部学生进行问卷调查,并抽取部分学生参与加速度计佩戴调查。结果中心城区学生(n=149)的超重、肥胖比例和家庭年收入水平高于郊区学生。郊区学生(n=139)每天骑自行车的时间比中心城区学生长,但是上课日每天步行和周末每天锻炼时间少于中心城区学生。除外交通安全情况,中心城区学生所感知的住所周边物质环境和家人对其运动支持的情况均好于郊区学生。中心城区和郊区学生的体力活动水平都与住所附近是否有多个供选择的路径及朋友的运动支持呈正相关;住所附近的体育运动场所可及性越好,郊区学生每天进行中高强度体力活动时间和上课日每天锻炼时间就越长;同时,住所附近每天都可以看到积极运动的邻居,郊区学生的上课日每天步行时间就越长。以上因素均有统计学意义。但是,中心城区学生感知的体力活动行为与各环境因素无统计学关联。结论朋友的运动支持和住所附近是否有多个供选择的路径对郊区和中心城区学生的体力活动都有影响作用,且对于郊区学生的体力活动还应关注体育运动场所的可及性;提示物质和社会环境因素对中学生参与体力活动的重要性,且对郊区学生参与体力活动影响更大。
Objective To explore the physically and socially environmental influencing factors of the physical activity（PA） among the middle school students in downtown and suburb of Shanghai.Methods Convenience sampling was used to select one middle school from downtown and suburb in Shanghai respectively.All grade-2 students in the schools were recruited as the participants and completed the questionnaire,and part of them was selected as participants for accelerometer-wearing.Results The overweight and obesity rate as well as the family income level of the students from the downtown（n=149） were higher than the ones from the suburb（n=139）.The students from downtown exercised and walked more but rode the bicycle less than their counterparts from the suburb.Besides,the students from downtown perceived higher level of family support for exercise and better physical environment except the traffic safety.The PA level of the students from both downtown and suburb was positively associated with the friends support for exercise and whether the neighborhood had multiple routes to one destination.The more access to sport facilities in the neighborhood,the students from the suburb would exercise more in the weekdays and do more moderate-vigorous physical activity（MVPA） every day.Meanwhile,the students from suburb would walk longer in the weekdays if they saw active neighbors in their neighborhood every day.All of the above factors had statistical significance.However,the self-reported PA of the students from downtown was not significantly associated with any environmental factors.Conclusions Friends support for exercise and whether having multiple routes to one destination in the neighborhood had an impact on the PA of the middle school students,and accessibility to sport facilities should be targeted to improve the PA level of the students from suburb,which implied the physical and social environment played an important role on the middle school students′ participation in PA,and had greater impact on the suburban st
出处
《复旦学报（医学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期193-198,203,共7页
Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences
基金
复旦大学研究生创新基金项目(EZF201307)~~
关键词
体力活动
物质环境
社会环境
中学生
physical activity
physical environment
social environment
middle school student
