摘要
目的了解常见临床分离菌株的药敏状况并为临床合理用药提供依据,以减少耐药菌的产生。方法使用VITEK-2微生物全自动鉴定系统,对临床分离的阳性标本进行细菌鉴定和药敏试验,并使用WHONET5.4进行统计分析。结果共收集病原菌10166株,其中革兰阳性菌株占27%,革兰阴性菌株占73%,分离率居前5位者分别为铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌;耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌和耐甲氧西林表皮葡萄球菌分别占59%和75%,未发现万古霉素耐药株;大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和奇异变形杆菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶的发生率分别为53%、41%和9%,耐亚胺培南的肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌三年的总分离率分别达到2%和4%;鲍曼不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌多重耐药现象严重,对亚胺培南的敏感率达仅为51%和72%;粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌对万古霉素耐药率分别为0和1%,屎肠球菌耐药程度比粪肠球菌高。结论本院常见病原菌耐药情况严峻,三年来变化不大,临床应根据细菌对抗生素的耐药特点,科学合理选用抗生素。
Objective To investigate the bacterial resistance of clinical isolates strains for the guidance of rational use of antibiotics. Methods VITEK-2 was used for bacteria identification and to test the susceptibility of the clinical isolated strains, and WHONET 5.4 software was applied for statistics. Results Of clinical isolates of Gram positives and negatives were 10 166, accounted for 27% and 73%, respectively. The top five isolates were Pseudomnas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, MRSA and MRSCON accounted for 59% and 75% in Staphlococcus, no vancomycin resistant strains were found. The ESBLs producing strains accounted for 53%, 41% and 9 % in E.coli, K. pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis, respectively. Resistant rates of E.coli and K. pneumoniae to imipenem was 2% and 4%. The phenomenon of multiple drug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeuroginosa was serious. The sensitivity rate of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeuroginosa to imipenem was 51% and 72%. Resistant rates of Enterococcusfaecalis and Enterococcusfaecium to vancomycin were 0 % and 1%. Resistant rates of Enterococcus faecium were higher than those of Enterococcus faecalis. Conclusion The resistance of commonly encountered bacteria to antimicrobial agents in this hospital was a serious problem, and the change was not obvious in three years. The scientific and rational application of antibiotics is of paramount importance to decrease and delay the development of drug resistance of bacteria to antibiotics.
出处
《国外医药（抗生素分册）》
CAS
2013年第1期21-26,共6页
World Notes on Antibiotics
