摘要
目的 :探讨脑损伤患者医院感染危险因素。方法 :对 12 5例脑损伤住院患者进行回顾性研究分析。结果 :共发现 43例患者 5 5例次医院感染 ,感染部位以呼吸道为主 (5 4 5 5 % ) ,其次为泌尿道 (30 91% ) ,感染主要病原菌为G-杆菌和真菌。G-杆菌对青霉素G、环丙沙星、头孢三嗪、头孢唑啉耐药率高 (分别为 87 80 %、5 8 5 4%、48 78%、80 49% )。结论 :脑损伤患者存在病情重、昏迷时间长、抵抗力低、侵袭性操作多和抗生素不合理应用等感染危险因素。为减少医院感染发生率 ,必须加强预防措施 ,包括切断病原体传播途径 ,合理使用抗生素 ,改善宿主预防机制。
Objective:To examine the hospital infection risk factors in brain injury patients.Methods:One hundred and twenty-five brain injury inpatients were analyzed in a retrospective study.Results:Forty-three patients with 55 person-time hospital infections occurred.The infections were occurred mainly in the respiratory tracts(54 55%), and then in the urinary tracts(30 91%).The major pathogenic organisms were the gram-negative and the fungi. The major gram-negative bacteria had higher drug-resistance rates to penicillin G (87 80%),ciprofloxacin(58 54%),ceftriaxone(48 78%), cefazolin (80 49%).Conclusion:The major hospital infection risk factors in brain injury patients are severe illness, long-time coma, hypoimmunity, more invasive manipulations and inappropriate administration of antibiotics, etc. In order to reduce the hospital infection rate, prophylactic measures must be enhanced, including cutting off the routes of transmission of pathogens, using antibiotics in a right way and improving defence mechanism in hosts.
出处
《南京军医学院学报》
2000年第2期91-92,共2页
Journal of Nanjing Military Medical College
关键词
脑损伤
医院内感染
预防
危险因素
brain injuries
hospital infections
prophylactic measures
risk factors
inpatients
