摘要
在露地和大棚两种环境、春季和初夏两种栽培季节下,对110份叶用莴苣种质资源的农艺性状进行了调查,同时以中心柱长、抽薹天数和热害指数3个指标综合评价叶用莴苣种质资源的田间耐热性。结果表明:散叶莴苣叶尖形状、叶形、叶色、株高、叶柄长、叶柄厚、单株质量、净菜质量(球质量)和莲座叶等叶片性状变异较大,显示了散叶莴苣在种质变异和创新方面蕴藏着很大的潜力。结球莴苣品种间相似程度较高,仅在叶柄厚、莲座叶、净菜质量上存在变异。在初夏散叶莴苣比春季分别提前12～36d抽薹,结球莴苣提前18～38d抽薹。在大棚高温胁迫更强时,散叶莴苣抽薹期进一步提前,而且82%的品种在10d内抽薹,表现出对高温的敏感性,结球莴苣部分品种因热害而死亡,热害指数能更准确地反映结球莴苣品种间的耐热性。抽薹天数、中心柱长与单株质量、净菜质量、叶形比等呈显著的相关性,也是评价叶用莴苣耐热性的重要指标。春季大棚种植采用热害指数、抽薹天数能够较好地评价叶用莴苣种质资源的耐热性。
In 2 environment conditions of open field and greenhouse,in spring and summer 2 cultivation seasons,the agronomic traits of 110 accessions of lettuce(Lactuca sativa L.)germplasm were investigated.At the same time,the heat tolerance was evaluated by the center column length,number of bolting days and the index of heat injury.The results showed that the leaves traits of no-heading lettuce tip,leaf shape,leaf color,plant height,petiole length,stem thickness,plant weight and fresh-cut vegetables weight all varied greatly,showing that the no-heading lettuce bears great potential in germplasm variation and innovation ability.Heading lettuce varieties have a higher similarity.Only in the petiole thick,rosette leaves,fresh-cut vegetables weight(head weight),there is a big variation.In early summer,the no-heading lettuce bolts 12-36 days earlier than the spring,and the heading lettuce bolts 18-38 days earlier.In greenhouse under strong high temperature stress,the no-heading lettuce bolts further ahead of schedule,and 82% of them bolt within 10 days,showing sensitivity to high temperature.Some heading lettuce varieties die of heat injury.The heat injury index can accurately reflect the heat tolerance between varieties of heading lettuce.The number of bolting days,center column length and single plant weight,head weight,leaf /shape ratio,etc.show remarkable correlation.They are also important indicators to evaluate the heat tolerance of lettuce.In spring greenhouse cultivation,the heat tolerance of lettuce germplasm resources are preferably evaluated by heat injury index and the number of bolting days.
出处
《中国蔬菜》
北大核心
2011年第20期20-27,共8页
China Vegetables
基金
北京市自然基金项目(KZ200710020009)
北京市属高等学校人才强教计划资助项目(PHR200907136)
北京农学院三项基金重点项目(08-ZD-ZK-02)
关键词
叶用莴苣
农艺性状
耐热性
Lettuce
Agronomic trait
Heat tolerance
