摘要
我国森林资源和国土生态安全面临病虫灾害的常年危害,严重制约森林减排增汇、林权制度改革和建设目标的实现。文章在总结归纳森林病虫害在我国发生和暴发成灾特点的基础上,认为实现森林病虫害的可持续控制亟待基础理论和关键技术的突破。当前国际上以控制森林病虫害为目标的科学研究集中在揭示病虫成灾机理和森林生态系统对病虫害的调控机制两大方面。同时依据森林生态系统独特的系统结构和系统功能特点,认为生态调控是森林病虫灾害综合防治的核心。明确森林病原物与害虫成灾生态过程的同时,以稳定的森林生态系统(如典型天然次生林)为对象提取生态调控模式对病虫害的可持续控制模板,进而指导人工林病虫害的调控模式。提出三大关键科学问题作为构建和发展生态调控理论体系的基石。据此,将我国森林保护目前亟待解决的一系列具体科学问题归纳为三大科学问题下的6个方面,彼此依存,互为一体。
Forest resources and land ecological security in China are encountering perennial hazards by infection of microbial diseases and insect pests,which seriously hamper the goals of carbon emission mitigation and sequestration,reform of forestry property right system and modern society construction with ecological civilization.Based on the characteristics of the outbreak of forest pests in China,a breakthrough in basic theories and key technologies is considered to be the prerequisite for sustainable management of forest pests.Currently,international scientific researches on forest pest control are mainly focused on two aspects,ie,revealing the mechanism of disease and pest infestation and regulation pathway of forest ecology system to the occurrence of diseases and pests.Ecological pest management（EPM） is regarded as key principle of forest integrated pest management（IPM） in terms of the unique structures and functions of forest ecosystem.With the clarification of ecological processes of forest pests prevalence,the EPM patterns could be retrieved from balanced forest ecosystems（e.g.typical natural secondary forests） to fulfill the goals of sustainable pest management in artificial forest plantations.Three key scientific topics are proposed as the cornerstone of building and developing EPM theory.Accordingly,a series of concrete scientific issues of forest protection to be solved is grouped into six aspects under the above three key topics,which dependent on and integrate to each other.
出处
《中国森林病虫》
北大核心
2012年第5期1-6,12,共7页
Forest Pest and Disease
基金
林业公益性行业科研专项(200904061)
关键词
病原物与害虫
成灾机制
系统结构与功能
生态调控
pathogen and insect pest
prevalence mechanism
ecosystem structure and function
ecological pest management
