摘要
目的了解不同时期实施不同免疫策略后,人群乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(Hepatitis B Vaccine,HepB)接种和乙肝病毒(Hepatitis B Virus,HBV)感染情况。方法利用2006年全国1～59岁人群乙肝血清流行病学调查中,云南省调查点的资料和血清标本,分析HepB纳入儿童计划免疫管理、世界银行贷款卫生Ⅶ(卫Ⅶ)项目、卫生部/全球疫苗免疫联盟(Ministry of Health/Global Alliance for Vaccine and Immunization,MOH/GAVI)合作项目的实施,对全省HepB接种和HBV感染的影响。结果 2006年调查显示,HepB接种率依次为MOH/GAVI项目实施后适龄儿童(1～3岁)高于卫Ⅶ项目实施后适龄儿童(4～10岁)(X^2=59.435,P<0.01),卫Ⅶ项目实施后适龄儿童(4～10岁)高于HepB纳入计划免疫管理后适龄人群(11～14岁)(X^2=31.615,P<0.01),HepB纳入计划免疫管理后适龄人群(11～14岁)高于HepB纳入计划免疫管理前适龄人群(15～59岁)(X^2=252.224,P<0.01)。HBV感染率和乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBV Surface Antigen,HBsAg)阳性率,卫Ⅶ项目实施后适龄儿童(4～10岁)和HepB纳入计划免疫管理后适龄人群(11～14岁)差异无统计学意义(X^2=1.126,X^2=0.491;P均>0.05);MOH/GAVI项目实施后适龄儿童(1～3岁)低于HepB纳入计划免疫管理至卫Ⅶ项目实施后适龄人群(4～14岁)(X^2=15.308,X^2=7.211;P均<0.05),HepB纳入计划免疫管理至卫Ⅶ项目实施后适龄人群(4～14岁)低于HepB未纳入计划免疫管理前适龄人群(15～59岁)(X^2=63.205,X^2=10.248;P均<0.05);1～3岁、4～10岁、11～14岁扶贫开发县人群HepB接种率低于非扶贫开发县(X^2=45.022,X^2=213.505,X^2=66.175;P均<0.01),1～3岁扶贫开发县和非扶贫开发县人群HBV感染率差异无统计学意义(确切P=1.000),扶贫开发县4～10岁、11～14岁、15～59岁人群HBV感染率均高于非扶贫开发县(X^2=27.707,X^2=35.864,X^2=89.351;P均<0.01)。结论从HepB纳入儿童计划免疫管理到MOH/GAVI项目实施,全省HepB接种率提高,HBV感染率明显下降,但扶贫
Objective To understand the vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine （HepB）and the current hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection after several different vaccination strategies had been implemented. Methods The vaccination rate of HepB and HBV infection were analyzed, through evaluating the effect of integrated into EPI management for children The implementation of the World Bank project of Health VII and GAVI project. Results The HepB vaccination rate of 1-3 years old group covered by the MOH/GAVI project was higher than 4-10 year-old group covered by Health VII project （x2=59.435, P〈0.01 ）,the vaccination rate of 4-10 year-old group covered by the Health VII project was higher than 11-14 year-old group who are benefit from the HepB introduced into EPI management （Z2=31.615, P 〈0.01 ）which was higher than 15-59 year-old group who were not covered by HepB introduction into EPI management for children （x2=252.224, P〈0.01 ）.The infection rate of Hepatitis B virus （HBV） and the HBV surface antigen （HBsAg） positive rate, there are no significant differences between 4-10 year- old who covered by the Health VII and 11-14 year-old who benefit from the HepB integrated into EPI management for children （x2=1.126, x2=0.491 ：P〉0.05）,and the rate of 1-3 year-old group who benefitfrom the MOH/GAVI project was lower than 4-14 year-old gr6up who benefit from Health VII project to the HepB integrated into EPI managementchildren （x2=15.308, x2=7.211 ;/9〈0.05） which was lower than 15-59 year-old group who were not integrated HepB into EPI management for children（x2=63.205, x2=10.248 ;P〈0.05）. The HepB vaccination rate of 1-3year-old, 4-10year-old and 11-14year-old group in poverty areas was lower than the un-poverty areas （x2=45.022, x2=213.505, x2=66.175 ;P〈0.01 ）. As for the infection rate of HBV of 1-3year-old group , there are no significant differences between poverty areas and un-poverty areas （Exact P=I.000）, but the infection rate of HBV of 4-10 year-old, 11-14 year-old
出处
《中国疫苗和免疫》
CAS
2012年第4期311-315,共5页
Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization
