摘要
冷战结束以来,"保护的责任"逐渐成为西方国际干预的"指导原则"。它强调国家主权中所蕴含的保护国民免于严重的人道主义罪行的责任,以及国际社会在国家未能提供这种保护时所负有的保护责任。通过强调保护弱者或者受害者的道德必需和共同人性,"保护的责任"试图建构人道主义干预的国际共识,用道德框架界定西方在"人道主义秩序"中的权力和角色。但由于"保护的责任"是在"人道主义介入"的基础上发展而来,它无法避免西方固有的权力政治模式,因而在执行"保护的责任"中曾发出试图突破安理会授权和当事国同意的冲动的声音,由此引发发展中国家的担心和质疑。因此,"保护的责任"虽然在观念上得到了国际社会的广泛接受,但目前尚未成为一种新的国际规范。
The 'Responsibility to Protect'(RTP) has become a guiding principle for the western countries to intervene in the humanitarian crisis.It emphasizes that sovereignty implies the responsibility of a state to protect its citizens against severe humanitarian crimes and that it is the responsibility of the international society to provide such protection if a state is not willing or unable to do so.RTP also attempts to establish an international consensus about humanitarian intervention and to define the roles and powers of the western countries in the new humanitarian order.However,founded on the principle of humanitarian intervention,it is impossible for RTP to escape the established pattern of power politics,with some western countries trying to disregard the authorization of the UN Security Council and the acceptance by the states involved.In conclusion,RTP has not yet become a universally accepted international norm.
出处
《欧洲研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第2期122-138,162,共17页
Chinese Journal of European Studies
