摘要
为研究黄姑鱼胚胎发育特征和胚后发育的仔、稚、幼鱼发育阶段的形态学,2010-06-08在实验室利用显微镜和显微镜数码摄像显示系统对黄姑鱼胚胎发育过程进行连续观察拍摄,描述并记录其发育过程和时间。结果表明,黄姑鱼卵为圆球形的端黄卵,盘状分裂,中央有一个油球,卵径为(0.89±0.028)mm,油球直径为0.25mm;在水温为24℃、S为27条件下经22.5h完成孵化,胚胎发育可分为24期。胚后发育阶段,1～3日龄为卵黄囊期仔鱼;4日龄仔鱼开口,卵黄囊完全消失,此时仔鱼处于混合营养阶段,进入前弯曲期;6日龄仔鱼油球完全消失,进入外源性营养阶段;16日龄仔鱼尾鳍担鳍骨形成,脊椎末端上曲,进入弯曲期;21日龄仔鱼尾下骨后缘与尾索垂直,鳍条数不断增加,同时背鳍、臀鳍和腹鳍原基出现,进入后弯曲期;26日龄鱼苗全身被菊花状黑色素细胞,尾柄处开始被鳞,进入稚鱼期;31日龄以后,鱼苗全身被鳞,进入幼鱼期。在水温为25～27℃,S为26～28的条件下,仔、稚、幼鱼全长与日龄具有显著的正相关性。研究表明,黄姑鱼进入稚鱼期之后,其生长速率明显增大,为减少自残,应及时分池和投足饵料。
In order to study the embryonic development and morphological characteristics of Nibea albiflora,the process of embryonic development was continuously observed,described and recorded in the laboratory using microscope and digital video system from June to August,2010.The results showed that the embryo of Nibea albiflora was buoyancy,round and transparent and the diameter of the egg was（0.89±0.028） mm.The oil was at the center of the egg and the diameter of the oil globule was about 0.025 mm.The egg belonged to telolecithal egg and discoidal cleavage.The embryo began to break the membrane after 22 h 30 min post-fertilization at the temperature of 24 ℃ and the salinity of 27.The embryonic development was divided into 24 stages.In the postembryonic development stage,yolk-sac stage was 1~3 DAH（day after hatching）;Larvae of 4 DAH began feeding,and the yolk-sac disappeared,entering pre-flexion stage;Larvae of 6 DAH entered the stage of exogenous nutrients,and the oil globule disappeared;Larvae of 16 DAH formed the caudal fin bone Tam,entering into flexion stage;Larvae of 21 DAH entered post-flexion stage,meanwhile the primordial of Dorsal fin,Anal fin,Pelvic fin formed;The fry of 26 DAH entered juvenile stage,and their bodies were covered with chrysanthemum-like melanin;After 31 DAH,the fry entered young stage,and scales were all around their bodies.The young fish was the same as adult in morphology.At the temperature of 25~27 ℃ and the salinity of 26~28,the total length correlated significantly with the age of fry.This study indicated that the growth of total length of juvenile had obviously increased,in order to decrease the cannibal rate,we should consider the size heterogeneity and prey availability.
出处
《海洋科学进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第1期77-86,共10页
Advances in Marine Science
基金
浙江省重大科技专项--黄姑鱼规模化繁育和养殖关键技术开发及产业化示范(2009C12081)
浙江省科研院所扶持专项--海水健康养殖科研创新团队建设(2010F20006)
浙江省海洋与渔业局海域海岛项目--黄姑鱼规模化繁育和养殖关键技术开发(浙海渔计【2010】205)
浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划(新苗人才计划)立项项目--黄姑鱼补偿生长类别及其机制研究(2010R411039)
关键词
黄姑鱼
胚胎
仔稚幼鱼
生长发育
Nibea albiflora
embryonic development
larval and juvenile fish
growth
