摘要
土著人民的权利保护问题由来已久,人们一直在探寻保护土著人民的优惠政策和特殊法律。自上个世纪八十年代以来,国际社会在土著人民权利保护方面取得了较大的成就。譬如,土著人民不仅仅享有人类最基本的平等权、自由权、发展权等,还享有涉及教育、语言、文化、就业、土地、自然资源、政治权利、宗教权利、信仰、司法平等、保护传统经济和生活方式、跨国界权、参与权、发展权和高度自治权等多方面权利。2007年出台的《联合国土著人民权利宣言》,正是国际社会对土著人民权利进行保护的集大成者。这一国际法律文件的出台始末虽然反映了绝大多数国家对土著人民权利进行保护的决心,但其执行情况依然不容乐观。
The issue of protection on the rights of indigenous peoples is deep seated,so people have been exploring the preferential policies and special legal protection for indigenous peoples.Since 1980s,the international community has made great achievements in the protection on the rights of indigenous peoples.For example,the indigenous people not only enjoy the most basic human right to equality,liberty and the right to development,but also enjoy rights to education,language,culture,employment,land,natural resources,political rights,religious rights,beliefs,legal equality,the protection of traditional economy and way of life,cross-border rights,participation rights,development rights and a high degree of autonomy and so on.In 2007,'Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples' was issued,which shows the ultimate achievement on protection of the rights of indigenous peoples.The author,in this paper,thinks that the introduction of this international legal document reflects the determination of the vast majority of countries to protect the rights of indigenous peoples,but its implementation is still not optimistic.
出处
《民族学刊》
2011年第6期60-66,102,共7页
Journal of Ethnology
关键词
土著人民
权利
国际保护
宣言
indigenous peoples
rights
international protection
declaration
