摘要
家庭部门在能源消费中的地位日益上升,应对气候变化、实现能源消费公平,都需要对居民生活用电定价机制进行改革。目前试点的各项政策,没有实现运用价格杠杆抑制能源浪费的目标,能源公平问题仍未解决。《关于居民生活用电实行阶梯电价的指导意见(征求意见稿)》被质疑为"涨价方案",关键原因在于加重了中低收入阶层能源支出的负担,而高收入阶层奢华浪费的成本几乎不变,能源消费的不平等进一步恶化。居民生活用电价格形成机制改革不仅需要阶梯电价等市场机制实现效率,更需要公共政策促进能源公平。政府可以适当调整阶梯电价的价差,真正发挥价格机制对能源浪费的制约作用;同时通过家庭能效补贴、节能技术与产品推广、能源使用知识传播等政策,促进能源消费公平。
Household position in energy consumption is rising quickly. To adapt to climate changes and realize the fairness of energy consumption, it is necessary to reform the pricing mechanism of residential electricity. Current pilot policies have not implemented the price leverage to curb energy waste, and energy equity issues remain unresolved. The reason that the Draft of Multi-step Electricity Pricing issued by NDRC （National Development and Reform Commission） was questioned as price increasing proposal lies in that the energy burden for the low-income family is increased, while the cost of high-income family for extravagance and waste remains unchanged, and the situation of inequality in energy consumption becomes worse. The price formation mechanism reform of residential electricity need not only achieve efficiency through multi-step electricity pricing and other market mechanisms, but also promote energy equity through public policies. Government can adjust the price ladder, thus make pricing mechanisms play its restricting role in energy waste, and at the same time promoting energy consumption equity through household energy efficiency subsidies, pro- moting energy-saving technologies and products, and disseminating knowledge of energy use and other policies.
出处
《中国社会科学院研究生院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第5期73-80,共8页
Journal of Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
关键词
居民生活用电
价格形成机制
阶梯电价
能源公平
residential electricity
pricing formation mechanisms
multi-step electricity pricing
energy equity
