摘要
上海城乡居民收入分配差距正在扩大,并且已经对于促进创新驱动、转型发展产生了不利影响和制约。其中突出的问题是劳动者报酬和居民收入占比偏低。按照国际经验和目前劳动力工资的实际情况,上海通过调整最低工资改善收入分配关系,甚至试图借此缩小收入差距问题。但是实证分析表明,提高最低工资标准不能起到缩小收入差距的作用,也无法使基尼系数出现下降的拐点;而只有通过调整高收入户收入增长过快以及收入增长过程中的分配不公问题,基尼系数会出现下降的拐点。提高最低工资标准尽管在一定意义上可以缓解劳资关系,但是一味提高则可对于劳动者就业等产生负面影响。从长期来看,上海收入分配要解决的问题和重点是分配不公,而不是急于缩小收入差距。
The fact that Shanghai income gap is getting large has been negative effect on the transition and development mode motivated by innovation. The most outstanding problem is low labor share and low household income. For improving income distribution even shortening income gap, Shanghai tries to put minimum wage policy into practice according to the international experience and real situation of local labor wages. From the view of data, however, the income distribution effect of minimum wage is limited. Raising minimum wage does no help to make the inflection point of Gini coefficient. The only way to decrease Gini coefficient is to adjust the high rapid growth of high income level by eliminating unfair affairs in the process of distribution. Furthermore, increasing minimum wage can release the relationship between the capital and labor to some extent, but raising all the time means more unemployment in the economy. So from the long term, the key to deal with is not the gap but the problem of how to evenly distribute in Shanghai.
出处
《上海经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第4期96-109,共14页
Shanghai Journal of Economics
基金
上海领军人才计划资助
上海市人民政府发展研究中心热点课题定向资助
关键词
最低工资标准
收入分配效应
收入差距
模拟
Minimum Wage Standard
Income Distribution Effect
Income Gap
Simulation
