摘要
目的了解大学生对艾滋病（AIDS）知识的知晓率和相关态度，对健康教育的效果进行评价。方法采用整群抽样方法，抽取合肥工业大学大学生共514名，并于健康教育前后2次进行现场问卷调查。内容包括个人基本情况，艾滋病相关知识，对艾滋病患者及病毒感染者的态度等。结果大学生对艾滋病主要传播途径掌握较好（96．1％～98．8％），对非传播途径，如蚊虫叮咬不传播艾滋病，其知晓率较低（41．7％～47．0％），对艾滋病的一般知识、防治知识仍模糊不清，对艾滋病病人及病毒感染者的态度，是非常害怕及歧视的，干预后选择积极应对者所占比例较干预前明显上升，但比例还是偏低。获取艾滋病知识的主要来源为影像视屏资料、网络。结论高校开展AIDS健康教育，不仅提高大学生艾滋病知识知晓率，而且也改变他们对艾滋病病人的态度，进而遏制艾滋病在大学生中的传播。
Objective To understand the awareness of AIDS and related attitudes to AIDS in college students and evaluate the effect of health education. Methods A total of 514 students of Hefei University of Technology were sampled by a cluster sampling method and investigated with questionnaire before and after the health education. The questionnaire involved the basic personal circumstances, AIDS knowledge, attitudes towards AIDS patients and HIV carriers, etc. Results The students were in a good command of the main route of transmission of AIDS （96.1% - 98.8 % ）, while with lower awareness of the non-transmission mode （41.7 %-47 % ） such as the sting of mosquitoes. The students＇ general knowledge of AIDS prevention and treatment were noticeably improved after the intervention （P 〈 0.01）. Their attitudes towards AIDS patients and HIV carriers were terribly fearful, but the intervention contributed to a significant increase in the positive attitudes： the proportion of positive response evidently improved compared with that before the intervention （P〈0.01）, but the proportion was still low. The main access to AIDS information came from movies, photographs, videos and the Intemet. Conclusions AIDS health education at colleges and universities not only enhance the students＇ awareness, but also change students＇ attitudes to AIDS and further can curb the spread of AIDS among college students.
出处
《中国校医》
2011年第3期185-187,共3页
Chinese Journal of School Doctor
关键词
成年人
学生
获得性免疫缺陷综合征/预防和控制
健康知识
态度
实践
Adult
Student
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention and control
Health Knowledge, Attitude, Practice
