摘要
目的 了解某农村人群甲、乙、丙、戊和庚型肝炎病毒的感染状况及其流行特点。方法 应用酶联免疫试验 (EIA)检测血清抗 -HAV、HBsAg、抗 -HBs、抗 -HBc、抗 -HCV、抗 -HEV和抗 -HGV ,并对抗 -HGV阳性者应用套式逆转录聚合酶链反应法 (RT -nPCR)检测HGVRNA。结果 该人群抗 -HAV、抗 -HCV、抗 -HEV和抗 -HGV流行率分别为 86.9%、11.5 %、2 .9%和 1.8% ,HBsAg阳性率为8.0 % ,HBV总感染率为 5 4.8%。HAV以 5岁以下儿童感染率最低 ( 35 .0 % ) ,到 10岁时 85 .0 %的儿童已感染HAV。HBsAg阳性率呈现两个高峰 ,分别在 5～ 9岁和 40～ 49岁年龄组 ;HBV总感染率到 10岁时为 5 5 .0 % ,然后随年龄增长而上升。HCV感染主要集中在 2 0～ 49岁年龄组 (占 77.8% )。各型肝炎病毒男女感染率无明显差异。献浆次数、年限与HCV、HEV、HGV感染呈正相关。HBsAg、抗 -HBc、抗 -HCV呈现家庭聚集性 ,但仅HBsAg呈现母亲与子女相关。抗 -HCV阳性者中ALT异常率 ( 15 .9% )显著高于抗 -HCV阴性者 ( 1.2 % ,P <0 .0 1)。结论 该人群甲、乙、丙、戊和庚型肝炎病毒感染具有不同的流行病学特点 ;献血浆是该人群HCV、HEV和HGV感染的主要危险因素 ;抗
Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of HAV,HBV,HCV,HEV and HGV infections in a rural population. Methods Enzyme immunoassays were used for detection of anti-HAV,HBsAg,anti-HBs,anti-HCV,anti-HEV and anti-HGV. Anti-HGV positive sera were further tested for HGV RNA using a reverse transcription nested PCR. Results The prevalence rates of anti-HAV,HBsAg,anti-HCV,anti-HEV,anti-HGV in the studied population were 86.9 %, 8.0 %, 11.5 %, 2.9 % and 1.8 %,respectively. The total infection rate of HBV was 54.8 %. The HAV infection rate of children below 5 was the lowest ( 35.0 %) as compared with other age groups. 85.0 % of children at 10 years old had already been infected with HAV. The HBsAg positive rate showed two peaks at 5-9 and 40-49 age groups. The total infection rate of HBV was 55.0 % in the age group less than 10 years old and increased with age. HCV infection mainly occurred in the age group of 20-49 ( 77.8 %). The prevalence rates of anti-HCV,anti-HEV and anti-HGV increased with the frequencies and duration of plasma donation. Family clusterings of HBsAg, anti- HBc and anti- HCV were observed. However,only with HBsAg showed a correlation between mothers and their offspring .The frequency of abnormal ALT in anti-HCV positive individuals was significantly higher as compared with that in those with negative anti-HCV. No difference was observed in the frequencies of elevated ALT between those with or without HAV,HBV,HEV and HGV markers. Conclusion HAV,HBV,HCV,HEV and HGV infections had different epidemiological characteristics. Plasma donation was the major risk factor for HCV,HEV and HGV infections in this population under study. Anti-HCV positive individuals are more likely to have active HCV infection.
出处
《中华流行病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1999年第5期273-276,共4页
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
关键词
病毒性肝炎
传播途径
流行因素
献血浆
家庭聚集性
Viral hepatitis Mode of transmission Risk factors Plasma donation Family clustering
