摘要
基于废液的污染负荷、生化呼吸和降解动力学等特性,以制革铬鞣工艺为对照,对植鞣工艺所排放废液(含单宁废液)的生物降解特性进行研究。结果表明,由于铬和单宁对活性污泥的抑制,来自于铬鞣和植鞣工艺的废液的生物降解性能都较差,其BOD5/COD值分别为10.7%和23.6%,生化处理14d后其降解率分别为18.0%和34.7%。动力学研究结果表明,稀释处理不能改善铬鞣废液的可生化性,但可以显著提高含单宁废液的生物降解性能。1:9(v:v)稀释后,活性污泥能迅速高效地降解来自于植鞣工艺的废液(单宁浓度490mg/L),其可生物降解程度达49.5%。
The biodegradability of wastewaters collected from traditional vegetable-tanning（VET） and chrome-tanning （CRT） processes in leather industry has been investigated by studying on the pollutant loads,the respiration of activated sludge and the degrading kinetics.Both CRT and VET wastewaters showed low biodegradability due to the presence of chrome or tannin,which the BOD5/COD values were 10.7%and 23.6%,and the biodegradation ratios were 18.0%and 34.7%,respectively after 14 days of activated sludge treatment.Kinetics study indicates that dilution treatment has no substantial effect on the biodegradability of CRT wastewater,but it can largely improve the biodegradability of VET wastewater.A proper dilution（1：9,v：v） to 490 mg/L of tannin content was found necessary for VET wastewater to achieve an effective biodegradation,where a biodegradation ratio of 49.5%is available.
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(200803033)
关键词
皮革
植鞣
铬鞣
单宁
废液
可生物降解性
leather
vegetable tanning
chrome tanning
tannin
wastewater
biodegradability
