摘要
制革工艺将原料皮变成革,属于典型的工业领域,在工艺处理过程中要考虑产生的固、液副产物对环境尤其是水和土壤的污染。制革的固、液副产物分别是铬屑和含铬废液。为了减少蛋白原料的损失以及降低循环废液铬复合物的含量,循环的固体副产物(铬屑)通过酶水解可以达到既经济又环保的处理过程。产生的溶于水的水解产物,可以作为肥料的有效成份、涂层材料以及用于胶粘剂混合物中的添加剂、耐腐蚀的材料等。液体副产物(鞣液)中的有用固体残留物,通过酶水解,可以降低废液中的铬含量。去铬要求废液中的铬吸附在铬泥上,这种处理方法高效、简单,投资少,并且去铬液对环境的危害也小得多。
The tanning industry processes raw hides and converts them into leather. The tanning industry belongs to typical industrial branches which during the technological process produce considerable quantities of liquid and solid by-products contributing to polluting the environment, particularly water and soil. The solid tanned by-products contain chromium and by product liquors contain residual chromium. In order to prevent loss of protein material and chrome compounds were focused on recycling liquid and solid by-products. Recycling of solid by-products （chrome-tanned leather shavings） was realized through enzymatic hydrolysis which is an economically and ecologically acceptable process. Water soluble hydrolysate is thus produced, usable as fertilizer components, coating material, as an additive into adhesives mixtures, corrosion inhibitor etc. Recycling of liquid by-products （spent tanning liquors） utilizes solid residue, produced through enzymatic hydrolysis of chrome-tanned leather shavings, to reduce chromium content in liquor. The principle of dechromation consists in sorption of chrome from spent liquor to chrome sludge and is characterized by very high efficiency, simplicity and low investment requirements. Dechromed liquor poses a much less hazard for the environment.
出处
《皮革科学与工程》
CAS
2006年第1期3-9,共7页
Leather Science and Engineering
关键词
副产物
酶水解
去铬工艺
by-products
enzymatic hydrolysis
dechromation technology
