摘要
目的了解山西省视力残疾现状、特点、致残原因及医疗服务需求,为视力残疾的防治及康复对策提供依据。方法2006年4月1日至5月31日,按照分层、等距、概率比例、整群的抽样方法(PPS抽样)、多阶段抽样方法,山西省共抽出22个县(市、区)的88个乡(镇、街道),实际调查样本量75016人。由经过视力残疾鉴定培训的眼科医生对其进行视功能检查,分析视力残疾的原因。结果视力残疾的现患率为6.21‰,视力残疾患病率随年龄的增长而逐渐增长(趋势χ2=415.54,P<0.05),女性患病率高于男性(χ2=40.62,P<0.05),农村视力残疾的患病率高于城市(χ2=25.37,P<0.05),主要的致残原因为白内障(39.34%)。有43.91%的视力残疾者未曾接受任何康复服务,康复需求最主要是医疗服务与救助(35.47%)。结论视力残疾的防治和康复应建立完善的社会保障体系和残疾人保障制度;加大医疗服务与救助的投入力度;针对不同的年龄提供相应的康复措施。防盲工作首位是老年性疾病,工作重点应在农村。
Objective To investigate the situation characteristic, cause and needs of visual disability in Shanxi Province and to provide prevention measures corresponding to different causes. Methods By cluster random sampling, g8 townships were selected and 75016 persons received the eye examination in 22 countries in Shanxi from July 1 to May 31 in 2006. Visual acuity and eye examination were performed by ophthalmologist and judged the causes. Results The total prevalence rate of visual impairment in Shanxi was estimated to be 6.21%0. The was a significant increase in the prevalence rate of visual impairment as the age grew older（χ^2= 415.54, P〈0.05）, those in women was higher than that in men（χ^2=40.62, P〈0.05）. The prevalence rate of visual impairment in countryside was significantly higher than that in city （χ^2= 25.37, P 〈0.05）. The chief causes of visual impairment were cataract （39.34%）, there are 43.91% of visual impairment who had not received any rehabilitation services, and most of those were medical services （35.26%）. Conclusion Visual impairment prevention should establish a social security system and security system. Increase the investment of medical services and relief. To take different preventive measures corresponding to different ages. The preventive of visual impairment of shanxi should be focus on senile eye diseases. The major work should be put in remote rural area.
出处
《中国康复理论与实践》
CSCD
2010年第2期179-181,共3页
Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice
关键词
视力残疾
预防
康复需求
Visual Disability
prevention
rehabilitation demands
