摘要
"中国近代知识转型"是近年来学界新兴的重要议题。欲探讨中国近代知识转型,除了分析近代西方科学式知识如何在中国建构之外,中国本身的转变绝对是不可忽略的议题。清代学术位居近代转折之关键,其学术特色与认知,代表前近代学者对传统学术及其发展之重要反思。本文就以晚清重要学者龚自珍为焦点,说明他如何从"辨章学术,考镜源流"的学术史观点,上溯《汉书.艺文志》,分判"六经"与"六艺",一则为经学的千年传统厘出一个统序,建立起经学学术史观;进而梳理出六艺的知识系统,并直接与乾嘉以降所新兴的专门之学分相属系,勾勒出六艺之学的专业分化。这个观察,不仅说明传统经学在前近代中国所呈现的分化情形,也展现出清儒对传统学术所作的初步知识层构。
The transformation of knowledge in modem China has emerged as a critical topic in recent scholarship. To explore China＇s turn to modem knowledge, it is absolutely necessary to understand the changes occurring within China itself, as well as how modem Western scientific-style knowledge was constructed in China. The scholarship of the Qing period was a key transitional point, which is seen in the nature and recognition of scholarship as represented by important early modem reconsiderations of traditional scholarship. This article focuses on the important late Qing scholar Gong Zizhen, analyzing how he traced Zhang Xuecheng＇s historical view of ＂bibliographies and schools＂ back to the ＂Yiwen zhi＂ of the Hanshu, distinguishing the ＂Six Classics＂ and the ＂Six Arts＂ in order to systematize the millennia of the classical learning tradition by establishing a historical view of this tradition. Gong further built a knowledge system based on the Six Arts, outlining the professionalization and specialization of the learning of the Six Arts based on the new areas of expert knowledge that had emerged since the eighteenth century. In this way, we can not only explain how traditional classical learning was expressed in various classifications but also reveal the preliminary knowledge construction of traditional scholarship by Qing Confucians.
出处
《清史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2009年第3期49-61,共13页
The Qing History Journal
