摘要
目的探讨厦门地区下呼吸道感染常见病原菌分布与耐药现状。方法收集厦门地区3所医院下呼吸道感染患者痰标本分离的4445株病原菌,按美国临床实验室标准化委员会(NCCLS)标准进行药敏试验。结果革兰阳性球菌占30.7%,革兰阴性杆菌占69.3%,甲氧西林耐药株分别占金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的73.3%和71.7%,未发现万古霉素MRSA耐药株;大肠埃希菌和克雷伯菌属产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)的发生率为30.2%和29.7%,产ESBLs菌株对各种抗菌药物的耐药率明显高于非产ESBLs菌株;铜绿假单胞菌对多黏菌素B、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢吡肟敏感性较高。结论厦门地区下呼吸道感染主要病原菌是革兰阴性杆菌,其对常用抗菌药物耐药性较高,开展病原菌耐药性监测十分重要。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in lower respiratory tract in Xiamen. METHODS Totally 4445 strains isolated from sputum samples of patients with lower respiratory tract infection were collected in 3 hospitals of Xiamen and susceptibility test was performed according to NCCLS. RESULTS The rate of Gram-positive bacteria was 30.7% and that of Gram-negative bacteria 63.9%. The rate of meticillin-resistant strains was 73. 3% in Staphylococcus aureus strains and 71. 7% in coagulase negative Staphylococcus. No vancomycin-resistant strain was found. The rate of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella producing extended spectrum β-lactamases（ESBLs） was 30.2% and 29.7%, respectively. The resistance rate of ESBLs strain was significantly higher than that of non-ESBLs. Pseudornonas aeruginosa was sensitive to polymyxin B, piperacillin/tazobactam and cefepime. CONCLUSIONS Gram-negative bacilli are the main infectious pathogens in lower respiratory tract in Xiamen hospitals and antibiotic resistance rates continue to increase. Therefore bacterial culture and antibiotic susceptibility tests are very important.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第7期826-828,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
下呼吸道感染
病原菌
药敏监测
Lower respiratory tract infection
Pathogenic bacteria
Drug resistance
