摘要
目的探索影响合肥市个体流行性脑脊髓膜炎（流脑）发病的危险因素，了解A＋C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗（Meningococal Polssaccharide Vaccine，MPV）的保护率。方法选择2004年以来能联系到的100例流脑病人作为病例组，再根据病例组的城乡比例随机抽取若干户家庭电话，按1：2比例选取与病例组年龄相匹配的健康人群作为对照组，电话调查影响个体流脑发病的危险因素及A＋C群MPV的保护率。结果单因素分析显示：流动人口[比值比（OddsRatio，OR）7．0，95％可信区间（Confidence Interval，CI）2．8--18]、经常感冒（OR5．2，95％CI 2．5～11）、发病前感冒（OR14，95％CI5．0～37）、吸烟或被动吸烟（OR3．5，95％CI2．1～5．7）、既往气管炎等慢性病史（OR9．5，95％CI3．1～29）、经常出入公共场所（趋势χ^2=20，P=0．000）是危险因素；接种C群MPV（OR0．20，95％C10．11～0．39）、居室经常开门窗（OR0．05，95％C10．01～0．37）、勤洗手（OR0．39，95％C10．22～0．68）、接种A群MPV（趋势χ^2=40，P=0．000）是保护因素。多因素分析显示：流动人口、接种A群MPV、洗手频次、经常感冒、发病前是否感冒、吸烟或被动吸烟、既往气管炎等慢性病史、接种A群与C群MPV的交互作用具有统计学意义。A＋C群MPV的保护率（Protection Rate，PR）为84％。结论流动人口、经常感冒、发病前感冒、吸烟或被动吸烟、既往气管炎等慢性病史，是导致个体流脑发病的危险因素；接种A与C群MPV、勤洗手可降低流脑发病的危险性。其中未接种C群MPV且发病前感冒危险性最大。
Objective To find out Neisseria rneningitidis （Nrn）attacking influential factors and protection rate （PR） of Group A＋C Meningococal Polssaceharide Vaccine （MPV） in Hefei. Methods Telephone interview cases and controls which were matched by age, and case/control ratio was 1 ： 2,controls had the same proportion of population from township and county as the cases. Result Mononomial logistic analysis showed Migrant population （old ratio,OR）=7. 0, 95%CI 2.8～18,getting cold frequently （OR=5.2,95%CI 2.5～11） ,getting cold before attacked illness（OR=14,95%CI 5. 0～37）,smoking or passive smoking （OR=3.5,95%CI 2.1～5.7）, history of chronic illness such as tracheitis （OR=9.5,95YOCI 3.1～29）,frequent staying in public place（χ^2 for trend：20,P=0.000）were risk factors. Inoculation with C MPV （OR=0. 20,95% CI 0. 11～ 0. 39 ） , frequent opening door and window of dormitory （OR = 0.05,95%CI 0. 01～ 0. 37）,frequent washing hands （OR=0. 39,95%CI 0. 22～0. 68）,inoculation with A MPV（χ^2 for trend= 40, P= 0. 000）were protective factors. Multinomial logistic analysis showed migrant population,inoculation with A MPV, frequent washing hands, getting cold frequently, getting clod be-fore attacked illness, smoking or passive smoking, history of chronic illness such as tracheitis, interaction of vaccine against A or C serogroup Nm had statistic significance. Vaccine against A＋C serogroup Nm PR was 84%. Conclusion Migrant population, getting cold frequently,getting cold before attacked, smoking or passive smoking, his- tory of chronic illness such as tracheitis can contribute to attacked Nm, inoculation with A or C MPV, frequent washing hands had protective influence. Among these, no vaccination history with C Nm and getting cold before attacked was most dangerous.
出处
《中国疫苗和免疫》
CAS
2008年第6期494-498,共5页
Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization
