摘要
基于人因失误分析理论和核电厂维修活动特征,将核电厂维修活动中人因失误的原因分为人、技术和组织3方面因素。其中,人是指个体因素,主要包括心理素质、生理特征、健康状况、知识技能水平和人际关系等;技术因素包括维修技术、维修策略、维修工具、维修界面、维修规程、维修工作环境等;组织因素包括任务安排、信息交流、培训、维修人员外部环境、团队建设和领导管理等。通过分析发现,组织因素能够直接或间接地影响维修人员的行为表现和技术因素,是人因失误的最基本影响因素。据此提出了减少核电厂维修中人因失误的对策和措施。
Based on the human error analysis theory and the characteristics of maintenance in a nuclear power plant, human factors of maintenance in NPP are divided into three different areas： human, technology, and organization, in which human refers to the individual factors, mainly including psychological quality, physiological characteristic, state of health, knowledge, skill level, and interpersonal relationship. Technology includes the maintenance technology, maintenance strategy, maintenance tool, maintenance interface, maintenance regulation, and work environment. Organization includes task arrangement, information communication, training, personnel external environment, team construction, and leadership. The analysis also reveals that the organization factors, which can indirectly influence personnel performance, are the primary initiators of human error. Based on these, some countermeasures are brought forward in order to reduce human errors.
出处
《核动力工程》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第5期64-68,共5页
Nuclear Power Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(70573043)
国防军工技术基础计划项目(Z012005A001)
关键词
核电厂
维修活动
人因失误
预防措施
Nuclear power plant, Maintenance, Human error, Preventive Countermeasures
