摘要
自Cheng & Huang(1996)将驴句研究引入汉语,提出汉语驴句二分说以后,海内外学者对汉语驴句的研究重点主要集中在汉语中含疑问代词结构的驴句效应现象。本文从经典驴句的定义性特征出发,考察汉语驴句的有关争论,认为,汉语中含有疑问代词的三类条件句均不是真正意义上的驴句,它们与英语中的条件句驴句没有对应关系。本文指出,汉语典型的驴句是含有"的"字结构的表现为光杆名词同形照应形式的句子。"的"字结构作为关系小句与英语的关系从句有类似的句法结构,英语的C和汉语的"的"都具有[+NOM]强特征,只是在表层结构上呈参数差异。二者也具有类似的语义特征,即英语的关系从句和汉语"的"字结构都可以通过λ抽象规则进行语义推导。含有"的"字结构表现为光杆名词同形照应形式的句子具有经典驴句的基本特征。本文发现,无论是近代汉语还是现代汉语,都存在这种结构的驴照应现象,而且这种形式更加接近英语表达方式,是汉语中最为典型的驴句。
Since the publication of Cheng & Huang (1996),Chinese donkey sentences have developed into a hot issue in the field of semantics. This paper briefly reviews three dominant approaches to handling the issue. It argues that if we judge from the defining characteristics of classical English donkey sentences,typical Chinese donkey sentences turn out not to be conditionals with Wh-words as are generally believed,but sentences containing a 'de' construction. These sentences are similar to English donkey sentences containing a relative clause in syntactic and semantic behavior. This kind of donkey anaphora is common not only in contemporary Chinese,but also in modern Chinese.
出处
《外语教学与研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第5期323-331,共9页
Foreign Language Teaching and Research
基金
国家社科基金项目“英汉无定名词短语的语义特征研究”(08BYY004)
湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(重点)“动态语义学:理论与应用”(05A007)的部分成果
