摘要
从控制论的角度分析了安全控制系统的安全设计及安全控制失效问题,提出了安全系统设计的控制目的性、可控性、可观测性、稳定性和协调性等基本原则;归纳出系统安全控制失效的控制目标、控制动作、控制模型和状态观测等4方面的原因。在此基础上提出了基于安全控制论的事故分析方法,包括识别引发事故的危险因素、找出各危险因素所需要的安全约束、构建施加安全约束的安全控制结构、识别事故中出现的安全控制失效和研究分析安全控制失效的原因等步骤。所提出的事故分析方法有利于发现系统结构上存在的安全缺陷,从而找出事故发生的内在原因。
This paper analyzed the problems of safety design and accident analysis of Safety Control Systems based on Cybernetics. The basic safety design principles such as objectivity, controllability, observability, stability and coordination of safety controls were presented; four conditions for safety control failure were summarized, which were control goal, control action, control model and system observability conditions. A new methodology of accident analysis was proposed, which included the following steps： to identify the system hazards; to find out the safety constraints needed for each hazard ; to sketch out the control structure for enforcing the constraints; to find out the safety control failures in the accident; and to analyze the conditions leading to the safety control failures. The design bugs concealed in the system structure could be discovered using this new methodology, which is beneficial for finding out the inherent reasons of accidents.
出处
《中国安全生产科学技术》
CAS
2008年第3期9-13,共5页
Journal of Safety Science and Technology
基金
国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(编号:2006BAK04A09)资助
关键词
控制论
安全系统
系统设计
事故分析
Cybernetics
safety system
system design
accident analysis
