摘要
近代版权制度肇始于17、18世纪的英国,反映出诸多的宪法问题。其中,最为关键的是从特权到私权的转换。这一转换的实现,一方面得益于英国议院对皇室特权的限制;另一方面,也得益于出版商内部因为利益而产生的冲突。治理权与审判权的分离为限制王室的特权奠定了坚实的基础。英国上议院认为版权是一种成文法上的权利,普通法上并不存在版权。最初的版权判例,在有关版权的正当性论证方面,发展出了自然权利、激励机制和公平三种进路。近代版权从特权向私权的转换构成了当时英国政治组织结构变迁的一部分。
Britain between 17th and 18th centuries witnessed the making of modern copyright. Meanwhile, many constitutional affairs stood out, the most important of which is copyright＇ s change from privilege to private right. This change is owning to Parliament＇ s limit to Emperors＇ privileges on one hand, on the other hand, thanks to inner conflict of stationer＇ s interest. Divorce of jurisdiction and government-gubernaculum provides a solid foundation for justifying the limitations to privileges. The House of Lords holds copyright is a statutory right, not a common right. Three approaches, i.e. nature right, incentive policy and fairness, emerged in earlier cases when justifying copyright. The formation of modern copyright constitutes a part of political and institutional change of Britain then.
出处
《重庆大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2008年第2期90-95,共6页
Journal of Chongqing University(Social Science Edition)
基金
国家社科基金项目"著作权的宪法基础"(07CFX037)
关键词
版权
特许权
私权
宪法
copyright
privilege
private right
constitution
