摘要
主体的目的作为规律决定其活动的方式和方法,这是马克思辩证历史决定论的一个十分重要的思想。但是,长期以来,这一思想并没有受到应有的重视,更没有得到正确的阐发。马克思这里所讲的“目的”不是主观臆想的东西,而是指“实践观念”。实践观念的构建受外在尺度、内在尺度和客观条件的制约。实践观念的多样性揭示了主体选择的根据、自觉能动性发挥的空间。实践观念是客观规律性与自觉能动性、历史决定论与主体选择、外在尺度与内在尺度的一个结合点。“目的作为规律”思想说明人们能够尊重的只是反映到人的头脑中的客观规律,这种被认识到的规律具有相对性,人们对客观规律的认识具有过程性,因此,人们尊重客观规律也就具有相对性、过程性。
It is a very important thought of Karl Marx on historical determinism that “Man's purpose gives the law to his modus operandi”. This thought has been ignored in a long period and has not been explained correctly. This article argues that “purpose” here means “practical conception” which is a unity of external measure and internal measure, of objective laws and activity of consciousness, of historical determinism and subjective choice. To act in accordance with objective laws and exert subjective dynamic role are very complicated things.
出处
《北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第6期46-56,共11页
Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
关键词
目的
实践观念
能动性
规律
尊重客观规律
purpose
practical conception
law
to act in accordance with objective laws