摘要
目的:考察结合认知干预进行的体育锻炼对大学生心理健康多维度的影响。方法:于2004-03采用整体分层抽样方法抽取江西师范大学在校学生心理症状自评量表调查中排名前4位的“强迫症状”“人际敏感”“抑郁”“敌意”因子得分≥3分的学生23名作为被试,依据其“运动兴趣”、“运动项目的选择情况”,将其分入篮球组7名、健美操组8名和对照组8名。以篮球和健美操作为实验手段分别对被试进行认知-运动干预。篮球组认知干预强调成员之间的愉快合作性及合理的行为,以此改变对自我、行为和他人的认知,运动干预以篮球练习及教学比赛为主;健美操组注重引导学生的自我激励作用,即通过自我锻炼体验,来获得自我和他人的认同,以自编健美操套路锻炼为主。对照组不从事体育活动。实验时间8周,2次/周,30min/次。干预前后采用症状自评量表调查心理健康状况。该量表含有躯体化、强迫症状、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌意、恐怖、偏执、精神病性9个因子90个项目,以5级评分制计分,得分越高,表明心理健康水平越低。当心理因子得分≥2时,表明在此因子有轻度心理问题;当心理因子得分≥3时,表明在此因子上有中度以上心理问题。结果:23名被试自始至终参与整个实验干预过程,全部进入结果分析。①干预前各组学生症状自评量表的总均分及各项因子分差异均无显著性意义。说明各组被试干预前各心理因子的方差齐性检验呈现一致性,表明干预前各组样本较为均衡。②经过认知-运动实验干预后被试的心理因子产生积极变化,干预后各组间总均分、人际敏感因子分差异有显著性意义(P≤0.05),躯体化、抑郁、敌意因子分的差异有极显著性意义(P≤0.01)。③对照组实验后绝大多数的心理因子平均得分相对于实验前都有升高,其中躯体化和敌意因子得分差异有
AIM： To study the effect of physical exercise integrated with intervention in cognition on multi-latitudes of mental health in college students.
METHODS： Twenty-three college students, whose scores in factors of obsessive-compulsive symptom, interpersonal sensitivity, depression and hostility ≥ 3 and being listed in the first four places were selected from Jiangxi Normal University in March 2004 by cluster stratified sampling method, and then were divided into the basketball group （n=7）, aerobics group （n=8） and the control group （n=8） according to their sport interest and the choice of sport item. Subjects were interfered on cognition and sports by basketball and aerobics. Pleasant cooperation and reasonable behavior were emphasized in subjects of the basketball group, so as to change their cognition on themselves, behavior and others. The interventions on sport were mainly basketball exercise and games. In the aerobics group, subjects were required to focus on self-encourage, i.e. to acquire the self-identification and that from others by self-designed aerobics. Subjects in the control group did no exercise. The experiment was conducted for 8 weeks, twice a week and 30 minutes each time. The mental health of subjects was investigated by .Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90） before and after the intervention. There were altogether 9 factors and 90 items in the checklist, including somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, terror, bigoted and psychosis, which were scored in five grades, and the higher the score was, the poorer the mental health was. The score of mental factor≥ 2 points indicated light mental problem, the score of mental factor ≥ 3 points suggested medium mental problem.
RESULTS： A total of 23 subjects were involved in the analysis of results, who had accomplished the whole test.①There was no significant difference in the average score and the score of each factor among all groups before intervention, which in
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第38期39-41,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
基金
江西省社会科学规划研究项目(03jy30)~~
