摘要
本文讨论动词前"一"的两种用法:1)非结句的"胡琴儿一响,该他唱啦";2)结句的"我打开门,见是他,不由得一愣"。前者的"一"是完成体(perfect)用法,不仅表示事件的紧促发生,还表示该事件预示着达到某种结果或状态,即具有现时相关性,在语篇中主要表示背景性动作。后者的"一"是完整体(perfective)用法,仅表事件紧促发生,在语篇中表示前景性动作。前者见于《孟子》《庄子》,后者见于《金瓶梅》,二者之间的语法化联系与类型学中完成体发展为完整体的路径是一致的。"一"作为完成体标记的词汇源头具有类型学的特殊性。
This paper discusses two uses of yī (一, one or once) functioning as an aspectual marker pre-modifying verbs. The first is the perfective use in the second clause of a sentence which signals an event that happened once or continues for a short time as an immediate reaction to the preceding event. The second is the perfect use in the clause dependent on the following clause which signals that an event happened once or continues for a short time and has current relevance to the following events or states. The dependent adverbial yī occurs in the background event and the independent one in the foreground event. Like the general direction perfective yī is grammaticalized from the perfect yī. But yī as the lexical resource of perfect forms a unique path in the aspectual typology.
出处
《世界汉语教学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第3期24-35,共12页
Chinese Teaching in the World
基金
国家社科基金项目(项目编号:03CYY003)
教育部人文社会科学基金项目(05JC740036)资助
关键词
“一”
完成体
完整体
语法化
类型学
yī(一) perfect perfective grammaticalization typology
