摘要
文章通过调查宋代至清代的语料说明,"仅差+否定词+VP"结构中的"仅差"义副词和否定词经历了一系列的词汇替换过程:"仅差+否定词+VP"结构在宋金时期只发现2例,元代有了显著增长,元、明、清代分别主要使用"险/险些儿+不"、"险/险些(儿)+不/不曾"、"差一点(儿)+没/没有"。当"了"与"仅差+否定词+VP"共现时,"了"为补语,VP在"仅差+否定词+VP"中表现出强烈的负向语义信息倾向。"仅差"义副词由于语义分工以及主观化等作用,导致"仅差"义副词在不同语义区间赋值,当VP为正向语义信息时产生了"基本一样、分明"等肯定语义信息。这种分野为"仅差+否定词+VP"带来了不同的语法后果,即:[[仅差+否定词]+VP]和[仅差+[否定词+VP]]。
After the investigation of the data from Song dynasty to Qing dynasty,this paper demonstrate that the'jincha(仅差)+negator+VP'construction(JC)has undergone a process of lexical alternation.It is spotted only sporadically in Song and Jin dynasties but the frequncey of its occurrence is on the rise from the Yuan Dynasties.The structures'Xian/xianxie'r+bu'(险/险些/险些儿+不),'xian/xianxie'(r)+bu/buceng(险/险些/险些儿+不曾)','chayidian'(r)+mei/meiyou(差一点/差一点儿+没/没有)'are used mostly found in Yuan,Ming,Qing dynasties respectively.When JC and'le'(了)co-occurrence,'le'should be regarded as a complement,demonstrating strong negative semantic information shown by the VPs in JC.Because of the different functions as adverb and subjectivity in JC,the adverbs of'jincha'have different semantic domains:one is negative,and the other is positive.So it has different grammatical effects in JC,namely,[[jincha+negator]+VP]and[jincha+[negataor+VP]].
出处
《语言科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第6期615-631,共17页
Linguistic Sciences
基金
2012年度教育部"新世纪优秀人才支持计划"(NCET-12-0798)资助
关键词
仅差
语义区间
语义信息
概念叠加
'jincha'
semantic domain
semantic information
conceptual accumulation
