摘要
古代恒河平原城市化是和北印度部落社会转变为国家的过程密切相关的。这个时期是高级氏族世系转化为王权的时期,也是家族取代部落成为农业生产和商业活动的基本单位的时期。在这期间,佛教作为一个非正统宗教成为北印度占主导地位的宗教。这些政治变化和宗教变化使得恒河平原的城市化具有一种与过去完全不同的文化特征。经济因素、政治因素和宗教因素究竟怎样互相作用,怎样影响城市化过程的呢?本文就想从商人阶级这个角度来探索这个问题。
The writer argues that the commercial community, the Buddhist sangh and the rising monarchical power were all important factors in the development of early cities on the Ganges plain around 500 B. C. and the three depended on each other in the urban centres. But it was the merchants who played the most significant socio-economic role, even acting as the link between the state and the Buddhist sangh. However, once the state became mature and established a bureaucratic system and the kings and the Buddhist sangh learned to use each other to expand their own influence, the commercial community's importance as go-betweens declined.
出处
《南亚研究》
1984年第4期23-30,4-5,共10页
South Asian Studies
