摘要
2015年1月1日起实施的修订后的《环境保护法》规定符合条件的社会组织可以作为原告提起环境民事公益诉讼,这为中国的环境社会组织及其活动精英提供稳定的法律渠道进入政策过程,社会组织参与环境治理面临前所未有的“法律机会”.已有文献认为司法系统的可进人性和社会组织本身的能力有助于社会组织开展诉讼行动,然而,这些文献在分析中国环境公益诉讼实践时存在一定理论局限性.本文通过案例比较的实证研究表明,法律机会结构很大程度取决于参与诉讼社会组织类型及其主要诉讼目标和策略.本文进一步表明,环保组织在法律层面能够进行更为主动的政策倡导,法律机会的实现需要它们与司法部门、行政部门在利益关系协调下形成共识.
This article examines the relationship between law and social movements by analyzing civil environmental public interest litigation in China.It discusses the strategic legal activities of the environmental movement in China after the new Environmental Protection Law was put into practice in 2015.Based on the fieldwork in China,this research examines the dynamics of environmental legal mobilization and identifies the legal opportunity structure for ENGOs.This article finds that three main frame processes will impact the legal opportunity structure in such a way that social groups need to construct a consensus with state authorities:(1)assisting the government;(2)advocating policy change and promoting legal reforms;and(3)resolving local environmental movements.This research sheds new lights on legal opportunity structure theory and argues that China’s legal reform will open new pathways for robust social participation and signify a more formal rule of law.
出处
《复旦公共行政评论》
2019年第2期84-106,共23页
Fudan Public Administration Review
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(项目编号:2018NTSS56)的阶段性成果
关键词
公益诉讼
法律机会
环保组织
共识
Legal Opportunity
Public Interest Litigation
Consensus
ENGO
