摘要
琉球汉诗,是东亚汉诗中后起而杰出的一脉。肇自清初,琉球诗人创作试帖诗者代不乏人,甚至出现了结集出版的试帖诗集。琉球试帖诗的兴衰历程,随清代科举改制与诗学宗尚的转徙而代变。乾隆朝恢复科举试诗,格调派主盟诗坛,"诗尊唐体"之说盛行,琉球试帖诗因之兴起,且皆从唐诗中摘句拟题;道光朝,经性灵说、肌理说的冲击,尊唐之风渐衰,宋诗风抬头,琉球试帖诗亦随之而变;同治间,宋诗派与汉魏六朝诗派之余绪交互影响,琉球试帖诗因之转向。清代中后期国难加深,文人士大夫期望重振风雅的努力亦可借琉球试帖诗以观。从摘句到自拟的命题创变,反映出琉球试帖诗渐臻成熟且趋于本土化的发展态势。
Chinese poetry in Ryukyu is an outstanding branch of Chinese poetry in East Asia.Since the early Qing Dynasty,there have been many generations of Ryukyu poets who have created and even published poetry anthologies.The rise and fall of Ryukyu’s examination poems changed with the reform of imperial examination and the change of poetics in Qing Dynasty.In the Chien Lung period,the imperial examination poetry was resumed,and the style school occupied the mainstream.The theory of" poetry respecting Tang style" prevailed.The title of Ryukyu’s examination poems were all excerpted from Tang poems.In Tao Kuang period,the style of respecting Tang Dynasty declined gradually due to the impact of the theory of spirit and texture.The poetry style of Song Dynasty rose,and the poems of Ryukyu also changed accordingly.During Tung Chih period,the remaining thoughts of Song poetry school and Han,Wei and Six Dynasties Poetry schools interacted Poetry turns because of it.In the middle and late Qing Dynasty,when the national calamity deepened,the literati’s efforts to revive elegance can also be seen from Ryukyu’s poems.The creation of Ryukyu’s examination poems tends to be mature and localized.
出处
《古代文学理论研究》
2020年第2期312-331,共20页
Studies of Ancient Chinese Literary Theory
基金
国家社科基金青年项目“明清中国与琉球交往诗歌文献整理研究”(20CZW026)
国家社科基金重大项目“东亚汉诗史”(19ZDA295)的阶段性研究成果
中国博士后科学基金项目“清代中国与琉球诗歌交流研究”(2020M670952)
关键词
琉球
试帖诗
清代诗学
《琉球诗课》
Ryukyu
examination poems
poetics of Qing Dynasty
poetry collection of Ryukyu
