摘要
航行自由原则是一把双刃剑,由于其具有商船和军舰航行自由两种意涵,所以要辩证地看待这一原则,包括其适用于海洋法各领域的问题。商船的航行自由对于世界的发展进程的确具有积极意义。但另一方面,历史和现实都表明,它同时还服务于海洋强国的霸权利益,主要表现为军舰的自由航行。历史上列强的"炮舰外交",无一不是以航行自由为名,行武力威胁甚至侵略他国之实。为此,要实现航行自由原则的国际法治回归,既要将法律识别为一种选择的过程,立场鲜明地反对航行自由原则的滥用行为,避免对航行自由原则的片面排斥和抵触;还要强化中国塑造国际规则的能力,引导国际规则向国际正义的方向发展。
The freedom of navigation is a double-edged sword.Since it includes the freedom of navigation of merchant ships and warships,it should be viewed dialectically,including its application to various areas of the Law of the Sea.The freedom of navigation of merchant ships is indeed of great positive significance to the development of the world.But on the other hand,both history and reality show that it also serves the hegemonic interests of maritime powers,mainly manifested in the freedom of navigation of warships.In history,the gunboat diplomacy of maritime powers never failed to threaten or even invade other countries in the name of the freedom of navigation.Therefore,in order to realize the return of the international rule of law,China should recognize the law as a process of choice and respond effectively on the basis of international law.While opposing the abuse of the principle of freedom of navigation,China should also support the legitimate right to freedom of navigation to serve China’s increasingly prosperous maritime international trade.At the same time,it needs to strengthen China’s ability to shape international rules and guide them toward international justice.
出处
《国际观察》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第1期76-103,共28页
International Review
关键词
航行自由原则
海洋霸权
国际治理
法治
历史分析
The Principle of the Freedom of Navigation
Maritime Hegemony
International Governance
Rule of Law
Historical Analysis
