摘要
目的分析黔东南州狂犬病暴露处置人群的流行病学特征,为防控提供依据。方法对2012-2017年黔东南州狂犬病暴露处置门诊就诊人群进行描述性流行病学分析。结果2012-2017年,黔东南州狂犬病暴露处置门诊共接诊224200例狂犬病暴露病例,病例数男女性别比为1.39:1;暴露人群以0~14岁年龄组为主,占40.36%;职业以农民最多,占45.14%;狂犬病暴露主要集中在6-9月;伤人动物中犬类占84.06%;84.79%暴露者在医疗机构进行了伤口处理,79.50%的暴露者在24 h内接种疫苗,16.91%的Ⅲ度暴露者使用了狂犬病被动免疫制剂。结论黔东南狂犬病暴露高危人群以农民、学生和儿童为主,Ⅲ度暴露者狂犬病被动免疫制剂使用率低,且一犬伤多人犬脑带毒率高,应进一步规范暴露后处置。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the people exposed to rabies in Qiandongnan prefecture,and to provide evidence for prevention and control.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was carried out on the outpatients of rabies exposure treatment in Qiandongnan prefecture from 2012 to 2017.Results From 2012 to 2017,224200 cases of rabies exposure were received in the outpatient department of rabies exposure treatment in Qiandongnan prefecture,the ratio of male to female cases was 1.39:1;the exposed population was mainly in the 0-14-year-old group,accounting for 40.36%;farmer was the main occupation,accounting for 45.14%;rabies exposure mainly concentrated from June to September;dogs accounted for 84.06%of the injured animals;84.79%of the exposed people had wounds treated in medical institutions.In the treatment,79.50%of the exposed people were vaccinated within 24 hours,and 16.91%of the people with third degree exposure were vaccinated with rabies passive immune preparation.Conclusion Farmers,students and children were the main high-risk groups of rabies exposure in Southeast Guizhou.The use rate of rabies passive immune preparation was low in the group with third degree exposure,and the rate of brain-carrying virus in dogs injuring more than one person is high.
作者
杨彰平
陶忠发
白明书
袁桢
杨海文
侯兴华
邓茂铭
YANG Zhangping;TAO Zhongfa;BAI Mingshu;YUAN Zhen;YANG Haiwen;HOU Xinghua;DENG Maoming(Qiandongnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guizhou 556000,China)
出处
《河南预防医学杂志》
2021年第4期268-270,共3页
Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine
关键词
贵州省
狂犬病
暴露人群
流行病学
Guizhou province
Rabies
Exposed population
Epidemiology
