摘要
人参连作障碍是制约人参产业发展的瓶颈,为了探究老参地种植白屈菜和玉米对土壤的化学性质和真菌群落的影响。采用ITS rRNA对老参地、白屈菜和玉米根际土壤真菌群落进行研究,以及对土壤理化性质和土壤酶活性进行测定。结果表明:与老参地相比,处理组提高了土壤pH、碱解氮和速效磷等养分含量以及蔗糖酶和脲酶等酶活性,种植白屈菜根际土壤养分含量及土壤酶活性高于玉米,更好地缓解了老参地土壤酸化、养分失衡和酶活性降低等问题;白屈菜处理的土壤真菌丰富度和多样性显著高于玉米处理和老参地;白屈菜和玉米根际土壤中致病菌镰刀菌属(Fusarium)相对丰度降低,有利于控制人参根腐病的发生;综合比较老参地种植白屈菜和玉米对土壤真菌群落结构、有益菌相对丰度、致病菌相对丰度以及土壤养分含量和酶活性,证明老参地种植白屈菜更有利于减缓因种植人参造成的土壤养分和微生物群落结构失衡等不利影响。
The continuous cropping obstacle of ginseng is the bottleneck restricting the development of ginseng industry.In order to explore the effects of celandine and corn rotation on chemical properties of soil and fungal communities in ginseng-used lands,ITS rRNA was used to study the fungal communities in rhizosphere soil of celandine and corn rotation in old ginseng-used lands,and to determine the soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzyme activities.Compared with the ginseng-used lands,the rotation treatment increased soil pH,alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus and other enzyme activities such as invertase and urease.The nutrient content and enzyme activities of rotated celandine rhizosphere soil were higher than those of rotated corn,which could better alleviate the problems of soil acidification,nutrient imbalance and enzyme activity reduction in the ginseng-used lands;The richness and diversity of soil fungi in the celandine rotation treatment were significantly higher than those in the corn rotation treatment and the ginseng-used lands;The rotation treatment reduced the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria Fusarium in rhizosphere soil,which was beneficial to controlling the occurrence of ginseng root rot;The comprehensive comparison of the effects of celandine and corn rotation on soil fungal community structure in ginseng-used lands,relative abundance of functional bacteria,relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria,and soil nutrient content and enzyme activities proved that the rotation of celandine in ginseng-used lands was more conducive to alleviating the obstacles of continuous cropping in ginseng-used lands,and it was a reasonable planting mode to reduce the obstacles of continuous cropping in ginseng-used lands.
作者
张建勋
苑雪琪
巩金壮
方平
许永华
赵露
ZHANG Jianxun;YUAN Xueqi;GONG Jinzhuang;FANG Ping;XU Yonghua;ZHAO Lu(College of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)
出处
《吉林农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期51-60,共10页
Journal of Jilin Agricultural University
基金
吉林省科技发展计划项目(20190304023YY)
关键词
人参
老参地
白屈菜
玉米
真菌群落结构
ginseng
ginseng-used land
celandine
corn
fungal community structure
